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The Rise of Christianity

The Rise of Christianity. Chapter 6, Section 3. The Life and Teaching of Jesus. Romans Conquer Judea Rome conquers Judea in A.D. 6 Jews believe a Messiah, or savior, will free them. The Life and Teaching of Jesus. Jesus of Nazareth Jesus born in Bethlehem 6 to 4 B.C.

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The Rise of Christianity

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  1. The Rise of Christianity Chapter 6, Section 3

  2. The Life and Teaching of Jesus • Romans Conquer Judea • Rome conquers Judea in A.D. 6 • Jews believe a Messiah, or savior, will free them.

  3. The Life and Teaching of Jesus • Jesus of Nazareth • Jesus born in Bethlehem 6 to 4 B.C. • Raised in Nazareth in the province of Galilee. • Carpenter until 30, then begins preaching. Mosaic of Jesus at Church of San Apollinare Nuovo in Ravenna, Italy.

  4. The Life and Teaching of Jesus • Jesus of Nazareth (continued) • Jesus performs miracles. (Matt, Mark, Luke, John) • Personal relationship with God, • Love for friends and enemies.

  5. The Life and Teaching of Jesus • A Growing Movement • Apostles: Twelve men who are close disciples of Jesus. • Jesus ignores wealth and status • message appeals to the poor. Sermon on the Mount by Danish painter Carl Heinrich Bloch, 1890.

  6. The Life and Teaching of Jesus • Jesus Death • Roman governor Pontius Pilate sentences Jesus to be crucified. • Apostles believe Jesus resurrected from the dead. • Jesus comes to be called “Christos,” the Greek word for “savior”. • Followers spread Christianity—new religion based on the teachings of Jesus.

  7. Christianity Spreads Through the Empire • Paul’s Mission • named Saul, a Jewish Pharisee. • Persecutes Christians, but Jesus appears to him calling him to be an Apostle. • Paul stresses Jesus is the Son of God who died for people’s sins. • Paul is the author of 12 epistlesor letters to the churches in the New Testament Saint Paul, by El Greco, circa 1608-1614

  8. Christianity Spreads Through the Empire • . • Romans • 1 and 2 Corinthians • Galatians • Ephesians • Philippians • Colossians • 1 and 2 Thessalonians • The Pastoral Epistles to Timothy and Titus • Philemon

  9. Christianity Spreads Through the Empire • Persecution of the Christians and Jews • considered enemies of the State - crucified, burned, and killed • Jews rebel against Rome - Romans destroy the Temple in 70 A.D. • Jews and Christians are barred from Jerusalem - ‘Diaspora’—centuries of Jewish exile.

  10. A World Religion • Christianity’s Expansion • Christianity becomes a powerful force and appeals to people because of these reasons: • embraces all people • gives hope to the powerless • appeals to those repelled by excess of Roman life • offers a personal relationship with God • promises eternal life after death

  11. A World Religion • Constantine Accepts Christianity • Constantine - battles for Rome in A.D. 312. • He has a vision - the Christian symbol -they win the war- so he legalizes Christianity. • In A.D. 380 the Emperor Theodosius makes Christianity the religion of the empire.

  12. A World Religion • Early Christian Church • Priests direct a single church (parish). • Bishops supervise numerous churches (diocese) • Peter is the first bishop of Rome. • Pope - father or head of Church. • Rome becomes the center of the Church.

  13. A World Religion • A Single Voice • standard Christian beliefs are compiled • The New Testament is added • The Fathers of the Church • Augustine, bishop in North Africa • receiving the sacraments to obtain God’s grace • famous book, The City of God.

  14. Acts 11:26 “and when he had found him, he brought him to Antioch. For a whole year they met with the church and taught a great many people. And in Antioch the disciples were first called Christians.” (ESV)

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