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Ethics Lesson Part 2. Notes from class Tuesday 1 Oct 13. How are morals and ethics defined?. Ethics Set of accepted rules of conduct Written or stated Morals Refers to our behavior Often a substitute for the word ethics. How are morals and ethics defined? (cont’d).
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Ethics Lesson Part 2 Notes from class Tuesday 1 Oct 13
How are morals and ethics defined? • Ethics • Set of accepted rules of conduct • Written or stated • Morals • Refers to our behavior • Often a substitute for the word ethics Lesson 5, Chapter 1, Ethics
How are morals and ethics defined? (cont’d) • Moral code of Western society comes from: Greek & Roman Philosphy & Judeo-Christian Ethic _ Ten Commandments _ The Golden Rule on Greek and Roman philosophy • on the Jdeo-Christian ethic • The Ten Commandments, the Golden Rule • Rules have evolved over thousands of years. • Some rules take the form of laws. • Laws against murder and arson • Others are moral standards. • Laws against breaking promises or gossiping Lesson 5, Chapter 1, Ethics
What are cultural rules? • Every culture has morals, values, and a concept of basic human rights. • Customs, habits, and institutions vary from one culture to another. • What is right in one culture may be considered wrong in another. • Groups, such as family, school, and JROTC, also set moral codes. Lesson 5, Chapter 1, Ethics
How are ethical decisions made? (cont’d) • Universal norms - thenormal beliefs of people in most cultures • All cultures do not look at the same actions in the same way. • Without rules or norms, institutions would crumble. • Non-universal norms - norms that do not carry universal moral obligations • These include duties specific to one’s religion. • One should not impose personal obligations on others. Lesson 5, Chapter 1, Ethics
How are ethical decisions made? (cont’d) • Values are also used to make decisions. • Values can be at odds with each other. • Spend tax dollars for defense or social programs? • Decisions should be based on doing the most good. • Greatest value for military is the public good. • Personal values may conflict. Lesson 5, Chapter 1, Ethics
How are ethical decisions made? (cont’d) • What are situational ethics? • The circumstances of a situation help form the basis for deciding what is right or wrong. • What is appropriate in this situation? • What is fitting in this case? Lesson 5, Chapter 1, Ethics
How are ethical decisions made? (cont’d) • Example: If we were shot down behind enemy lines, we might have to lie or steal to survive. • We might be forced to choose a course of action that would violate our code of ethics and our sense of values. Lesson 5, Chapter 1, Ethics
What has the greatest impact on our ethical decisions? • Rules and Principles • RULES AND PRINCIPLES
What are the traits of an ethical person? • A person with a refined sense of ethics has • Consideration for other people’s feelings and needs • Integrity • Honor Lesson 5, Chapter 1, Ethics
What are the ethical traits of leaders? • Leaders influence others to achieve goals. • Leadership decisions are based on many factors. • Each profession has a set of standards (moral or otherwise). • A leader’s actions must help accomplish the goals of the organization. • Right actions, or right choices, build confidence and self-respect and earn the respect of those affected by the actions. Lesson 5, Chapter 1, Ethics
What are moral courage and maturity? • Vice Admiral William P. Lawrence defined moral courage this way: • To know right from wrong • To possess a firm set of values • To possess the strength to live by those values and do what is right regardless of the consequences Lesson 5, Chapter 1, Ethics
