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Awareness of the Anatomy and Physiology of the Human Body

Awareness of the Anatomy and Physiology of the Human Body. How can we survive?. How do the parts of living things contribute for their survival? How can we maintain the proper functioning of organ systems in our body?. The Human Body is made

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Awareness of the Anatomy and Physiology of the Human Body

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  1. Awareness of theAnatomy and Physiology of the Human Body

  2. How can we survive?

  3. How do the parts of living things contribute for their survival? How can we maintain the proper functioning of organ systems in our body?

  4. The Human Body is made up of several Organ Systems that work together as one unit. There are 12 different Systems in the body with several organs that are associated with each system.

  5. What is an organ system?An organ system in Biology is a group of organs that work together for one purpose.

  6. What are the different organ systems in the body? What are the functions of the different organ system in the body?

  7. Integumentary System Major Role: Protects the internal structures of the body from damage, prevents dehydration, stores fat and produces vitamins and hormones. Major Organs: skin, nails, hair, sweat glands

  8. The Skin

  9. Skeletal System Major Role: The main role of the skeletal system is to provide support for the body, to protect delicate internal organs and to provide attachment sites for the organs. Major Organs:Bones, cartilage, tendons and ligaments.

  10. Muscular System Major Role: The main role of the muscular system is to provide movement.  Muscles work in pairs to move limbs and provide the organism with mobility.  Muscles also control the movement of materials through some organs, such as the stomach and intestine, and the heart and circulatory system.  Major Organs:Skeletal muscles and smooth muscles throughout the body.

  11. Circulatory System Major Role: The main role of the circulatory system is to transport nutrients, gases (such as oxygen and CO2), hormones and wastes through the body.  Major Organs:Heart, blood vessels and blood.

  12. The Circulatory System

  13. Nervous System Major Role: The main role of the nervous system is to relay electrical signals through the body.  The nervous system directs behavior and movement and, along with the endocrine system, controls physiological processes such as digestion, circulation, etc.  Major Organs:Brain, spinal cord and peripheral nerves.

  14. The Nervous System

  15. Respiratory System Major Role: The main role of the respiratory system is to provide gas exchange between the blood and the environment.  Primarily, oxygen is absorbed from the atmosphere into the body and carbon dioxide is expelled from the body. Major Organs:Nose, trachea and lungs.

  16. The Respiratory System

  17. Digestive System Major Role: The main role of the digestive system is to breakdown and absorb nutrients that are necessary for growth and maintenance .Major Organs:Mouth, esophagus, stomach, small and large intestines.

  18. The Digestive System

  19. Excretory System Major Role: The main role of the excretory system is to filter out cellular wastes, toxins and excess water or nutrients from the circulatory system. Major Organs:Kidneys, ureters, bladder and urethra.

  20. The Excretory System

  21. Endocrine System Major Role: The main role of the endocrine system is to relay chemical messages through the body.  In conjunction with the nervous system, these chemical messages help control physiological processes such as nutrient absorption, growth, etc. Major Organs:Many glands exist in the body that secrete endocrine hormones.  Among these are the hypothalamus, pituitary, thyroid, pancreas and adrenal glands.

  22. Reproductive System Major Role: The main role of the reproductive system is to manufacture cells that allow reproduction.  In the male, sperm are created to inseminate egg cells produced in the female. Major Organs:Female (top): ovaries, oviducts, uterus, vagina and mammary glands.  Male (bottom): testes, seminal vesicles and penis. 

  23. Female Reproductive System

  24. Male Reproductive System

  25. Lymphatic/Immune System Major Role: The main role of the immune system is to destroy and remove invading microbes and viruses from the body.  The lymphatic system also removes fat and excess fluids from the blood.  Major Organs:Lymph, lymph nodes and vessels, white blood cells, T- and B- cells.

  26. How does disease affect the function of the organ system? If any one of these organs were to fail, it would cause a substantial amount of stress on the other organs, and may even cause an entire system to shut down, with the ultimate result often proving to be fatal.

  27. How does disease affect the function of the organ system? The interdependency of these organs on one another are critical for normal life functions. For example, the digestion that takes place in the stomach, part of the digestive organ system, would be useless if the intestines failed to operate adequately.

  28. References: http://www.free-ed.net/sweethaven/science/biology/anatomyphysiol/Human01_LessonMain.asp?iNum=0200 http://web.jjay.cuny.edu/~acarpi/NSC/14-anatomy.htm For the Images: www.google.com BOOK Ref: Capco,  Carmelita  M.  and  Gilbert  Yang. You  and  the  NaturalWorld  Biology. 2nd edition. Quezon City. Phoenix PublishingHouse.1998. Grabowski, Sandra Reynolds and Tortora, Gerard J. PRINCIPLES OFANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY. 8th edition. New York, USA. Harper CollinsCollege Publishers.

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