The Periodic Table

1. The Periodic Table Molly Devine Honors Chemistry Block 2

2. Part One The Table Itself

3. Your guide through the periodic table. Hello comrades! I am Dmitri Mendeleev and I created the first periodic table. I will guide you through the modern day periodic table

4. The Creation of the Periodic Table The Periodic Table was said to be have created Dmitri Mendeleev in the mid-nineteenth century. He arranged the elements in order of increase of atomic mass. His table contained gaps in it. In these gaps, he predicted that elements would be found to fill in the blanks. Did you see how I left a space between Calcium and Titanium? I knew an element would be found to fill it!

5. I also noticed this repeating pattern. The Periodic Table Today • Today the Periodic Table is arranged in order of increasing atomic number. This order creates a repetition of physical and chemical properties are explained through periodic law.

6. The Periodic Law • According to the Periodic Law, if elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic number, there is a periodic repetition of their physical and chemical properties. • For example, all of the elements in group 7A have similar properties. • These properties determine if the element is a metal, non-metal, or metalloid.

7. Metals • Metals are located to the left of the periodic stair case(the line through the table). • They normally are: malleable, ductile, and good conductors of electricity. • They also have a high luster. • Most metals are solid at room temperature. The exception to this rule is Mercury, Some examples of metals are Zinc and Titanium because they are to the left of the table. The metals are outlined in red.

8. Non-Metals • Non-metals are the opposites of metal and are located to the right of the stair case. The exception is Hydrogen. • They have low luster and do not conduct electricity well. • Most are solids at room temperature, but some are gases. • Sulfur, Phosphorus, and Iodine are examples of non-metals. Did you know non-metals are not ductile or malleable?

9. Metalloids • Metalloids have properties of both metals and non-metals. • Under some conditions it will act like a metal, and under others its will act like a non-metal. • An example of a metalloid is silicon. It acts as a non-metal when it is cooled(it is brittle) and acts a metal when heated (it is malleable). The metalloids are purple outlined with lime green.

10. Part Two Groups and Periods on the Periodic Table

11. How the Table is Divided • The Columns of the Periodic Table are called groups and the rows are called periods. • Each element is categorized by their location on the table and is labeled as a representative element, a noble gas, a transition metal, or an inner transition metal. • The red lines indicate groups and the purple lines indicate periods. That’s a novel idea!

12. The Representative Elements -The Representative Elements are found in Groups 1A-7A. -They are named such because they display a range of properties that represent the entire table. -The Outer Sublevel is S or P. -Examples of Representative Elements are Hydrogen, Oxygen, and Calcium. The representative elements are outlined in red.

13. The Noble Gases • The Nobel Gases are found in Group 8-A of the Periodic Table. • They are also known as Inert Gases because they rarely form bonds with other elements; this is due to their full out principal energy levels. • Their orbital configurations have full s and p sublevels. • - The Nobel Gases are • indicated by the • green highlight.

14. The Transition Metals • Are located in the middle part of the periodic table. The outer sublevel of these elements are d. The elements highlighted in magenta are transition metals.

15. Inner Transition Metals • These elements are removed from the table and are placed at the bottom. • Their outer sublevel is the f sublevel. • The Inner Transition Metals are highlighted in turquoise.

16. Now that you Know the Table…. Let’s move on to the Trends!!!!!