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G. García - Soza. Debating. Debate is a method of interactive and representational argument. A debate is a contest, or, perhaps, like a game, where two or more speakers present their arguments intent on persuading one another. John Stuart Mill, in his Autobiography, said,
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G. García - Soza Debating Debate is a method of interactive and representational argument. A debate is a contest, or, perhaps, like a game, where two or more speakers present their arguments intent on persuading one another.
John Stuart Mill, in his Autobiography, said, • "I have always dated from these conversations [in a discussion group similar to the ideal debate squad meeting] my own inauguration as an original and independent thinker."
Parliamentary Debate. • Lincoln-Douglas Debate (also called value debate) • Cross Examination Debate (also called policy debate or team debate). • Academic Debate.
The principles of debate • logic • evidence • case construction • proof • refuting arguments, • rebuttal
Purpose • To defeat your opponent • To present a clear argument • To show logical consistency • To demonstrate factual accuracy • To convince the listener that your side of the proposition is desirable
What’s it about? • Competing with an opponent about a topic • It includes • stage presence • articulation • eye contact • poise • volume
Who needs it? • Politicians • Legislators • Candidates to any office • Parliaments • Assemblies • Councils • Teachers • Students?
A professional skill • Shows leadership • Interpersonal influence • Team work • Problem solving • Presentation of ideas skills
Main aim is to express yourself successfully • Keep the message clear. • Be prepared. • Keep the message simple. • Be vivid when delivering the message. • Be natural. • Keep the message concise.
A desirable skill • You learn to analyze • to distinguish between the vital and the unimportant. • you learn the need of proving statements; of supporting every statement with valid evidence and sound reasoning • you learn to demand the same sort of proof for the statements of others. • you learn to present ideas in a clear and effective manner, and in a way which wins others to his way of thinking. • you learn to think under pressure • you learn to make decisions quickly and accurately.
Debating At the bar, in your family, with friends, at University, in Parliament, in a business environment
Body language VOCAL FACIAL GESTURAL POSTURAL MOVEMENT CLOTHING AND ACCESSORIES
Language tools for debating • Questioning • Rhetorical questions • Lists of three • Contrast • Emotive language • Direct address • Evidence (statistics, quotations, examples)
USA presidential debates • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QMLXe1-EgQQ
Assignment • Be a participant/moderator in a debate • Deliver in class • Let’s choose topics for debate