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Life Functions in Protists

Life Functions in Protists. Your Father was a protist. ANIMAL LIKE PROTISTS (19.1). Also known as “ protozoans ” Heterotrophic Classified into four groups based on how they move Zooflagellates Sarcodines Ciliates sporozoans. Zooflagellates. Use a flagella to move:

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Life Functions in Protists

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  1. Life Functions in Protists Your Father was a protist

  2. ANIMAL LIKE PROTISTS (19.1) • Also known as “protozoans” • Heterotrophic • Classified into four groups based on how they move • Zooflagellates • Sarcodines • Ciliates • sporozoans

  3. Zooflagellates • Use a flagella to move: • A long projection that looks much like a “whip” • Same things that a sperm cell use to move • Some reproduce asexually (mitosis) and some reproduce sexually (meiosis)

  4. Sarcodines • Move using something called a pseudopod • this same pseudopod (pseudopodia) is used to help the amoeba capture and take in food particles • Amoeba is a cell that is a sarcodine (***) • Amoebas also called the “SHAPELESS PROTIST”

  5. Ciliates • These use “cilia” for movement and feeding • Cilia move in a sweeping motion to help cell move • Cilia also sweep food particles toward the “oral groove” of the cell • Paramecium is a cell that is a ciliate (***) • Removes excess water using a “contractile vacuole” • Contain 2 nuclei: • Macronucleus: stores genetic information (DNA) • Micronucleus: backup copy of cells genes for reproduction

  6. Paramecium

  7. Ciliates • Some reproduce asexually (binary fission) • Some reproduce sexually (conjugation) • No new individuals are really formed here, they are just exchanging genetic information through the PILUS connecting them

  8. Sporozoans • Parasites that live in hosts such as fish, birds, and humans • That means they get their food from their hosts • Reproduce by means of spores • A tiny cell that can grow into an organism

  9. PLANT LIKE PROTISTS (19.2) • Commonly described as algae • Contain chlorophyll and conduct photosynthesis • Usually live near the edges of water • And a vast amount in the oceans • Produce a MAJORITY of the earth’s oxygen • Six groups: • Diatoms, dinoflagellates, euglenoids, red algae, brown algae, green algae

  10. Alternation of Generations • In this pattern of reproduction, organisms alternate between haploid (n) and diploid (2n) • Gametophyte: • Haploid (n) form of organism • Produces “gametes” (duh!) • Sporophyte: • Diploid (2n) form of organism • Undergoes meiosis to form haploid spores (n) that can develop into a new gametophyte • Look at Figure 19.14 on page 516

  11. FUNGUS LIKE PROTISTS (19.3) • Heterotrophs (decomposers) • Have cell walls • Use spores to reproduce • ARE DIFFERENT FROM FUNGI because they “lack chitin in their cell wall” • Include 2 groups: • Slime molds • Water molds

  12. Slime Molds • Resemble colorful blobs that live in damp environments • Living mass oozes across a surface • Feeds on bacteria, bits of decaying organic matter, and microorganisms • Are like animals because they move about and engulf food

  13. Water Molds • Small, unicellular • Live in water/moist soil • Grow as tiny threads that look like “fuzz” • Some are decomposers, others are parasites that live on a host

  14. THE END!!!

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