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D.C. SOURCE (BATTERY)

ELECTROLYSIS OF A SALT SLIDE ONE OVERVIEW ANIMATION. 2e-. Au 0. Au 3+. Cl -. Cl -. 3e-. THIS COULD BE A HEART CHARM BRACELET PIECE TO BE GOLD PLATED. D.C. SOURCE (BATTERY). 2e-. 2e-. Cl 2. +.

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D.C. SOURCE (BATTERY)

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  1. ELECTROLYSIS OF A SALT SLIDE ONE OVERVIEW ANIMATION 2e- Au0 Au3+ Cl- Cl- 3e- THIS COULD BE A HEART CHARM BRACELET PIECE TO BE GOLD PLATED D.C. SOURCE (BATTERY) 2e- 2e- Cl2 + THE CATHODE IS A CHEAP PIECE OF CONDUCTIVE MATERIAL. THIS COULD BE ANY CONDUCTIVE (METAL) IN JEWELRY TO BE GOLD PLATED. Au3+ - - - THE ANODE IS SOLID Pt or GRAPHITE,AND DOES NOT REACT IN REDOX (INERT) - + - + Cl- THE ELECTROLYTE SOLUTION, USUALLY H2SO4 THE SOURCE OF GOLD IS AuCl3 ( THE THREE CHLORIDES ARE -1 EACH SO THE Au MUST BE 3+.

  2. ELECTROLYSIS, SALT SLIDE TWO NON SPONTANEOUS OXIDATION AT ANODE 2e- 2Cl-(aq) Cl20 (g) 2e-  + D.C. SOURCE (BATTERY) Cl2 (DEADLY Cl2 GAS BUBBLES OUT AT ANODE.) + Au3+ - - - The anode (PLATINUM) IS ELECTRON POOR DUE THE DC SOURCE “PUMPING” OUT ELECTRONS. THE CHLORIDE IONS ARE ATTRACTED TO THE + CHARGE OF THE ANODE.REMEMBER HALOGENS REACT IN PAIRS! Cl- + - An important characteristic of the electrolytic cell is that the oxidation of a LESS active non-metal (bottom position on table J). Cl- + Cl- OXIDATION AT ANODE

  3. ELECTROLYSIS, OF A SALT SLIDE THREE ELECTRON FLOW 2e- D.C. SOURCE (BATTERY) 2e- 2e- Cl2 THE D.C. SOURCE ACTIVLEY “PUMPS” ELECTRONS OUT OF THE ANODE CAUSING IT TO BE RELATIVLEY POSITIVE COMPARED TO THE CATHODE. THE D.C. SOURCE ACTIVLEY “PUMPS” ELECTRONS ITO THE CATHODE, CAUSING IT TO BE NEGATIVE RELATIVE TO THE ANODE.THIS HIGH DENSITY OF ELECTRONS AT THE CATHODE WILL “FORCE” A REDUCTION TO OCCUR. + Au3+ - - Cl- - + - - Cl- + Cl-

  4. ELECTROLYSIS SALT SLIDE FOUR NON SPONTANEOUS REDUCTION AT CATHODE THE SOLID GOLD THAT WAS PRODUCED DURING REDUCTION ELECTROPLATES THE CATHODE AS SOLID GOLD 2e- Au0 Au3+ 3e- Au3+ 3e- Au0 +  D.C. SOURCE (BATTERY) 2e- 2e- Cl2 + - THE CHLORIDE IONS CONTINUE TO MIGRATE TO THE ANODE AS THE GOLD MIGRATES TO THE ANODE. Au Au3+ - Cl- + - Cl- THE GOLD(III) CATIONS MIGRATE TO THE ELECTRON RICH, NEGATIVELY CHARGED CATHODE WHERE THEY WILL BE FORCED TO BE REDUCED TO Au0 SOLID. + Cl- REDUCTION AT CATHODE

  5. BALANCING THE HALF REACTIONS THE ELECTRONS MUST CANCEL, THE LCD IS 6, FACTORS ARE 3 AND 2. 3( 2Cl-(aq) Cl20 (g) 2e- )  + 2(Au3+ 3e- Au0 ) +  6Cl-(aq) 3Cl20 (g) 6e-  + 2Au3+ 6e- 2Au0 +  Au3+ 2Cl-(aq) 3e- Au0 Cl20 (g) 2e- +   + 2Au3+ (aq)+6Cl-(aq) 3Cl20 (g) 2Au3+  + (aq)

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