Migration

1. Migration Malvin Gonzales BSc

2. Ethnography Observing peoples everyday interaction with paying the bus fare to the bus driver. • Different payment methods that people use to pay the bus • Amount of people who are having trouble of not having change to pay the bus driver • Time taken until every commuters have paid the fair for the bus to start its journey

3. Problem The problem that I have identified is how bus drivers are not permitted to give change to passengers, and how the transaction of tickets from the driver to the customer has led to delays with the bus travel.

4. Secondary Research “The time required for an on-board fare collection can slow bus operations significantly. The more successful the service is, the greater the problem, as additional passengers create delays at every stop. Some fare collection policies put a greater burden on customers, such as the requirement to have exact change, whereas others make transit use easy.” - www.fta.dot.gov

5. Secondary Research “Many transit agencies offer prepaid fare media, such as a season pass, stored value card, or ticket. If a driver is required to inspect passes, boarding can be longer than with payment in change.” Permitting the driver to make change is convenient for the customer, but also slows down operations.

6. Secondary Research Media News/ What the mass media expect towards new bus systems Bus system should offer the following basic functionalities: • allow a citizen to register into the system and pre-pay for a certain number of trips; • recognize when a registered citizen gets on a bus and determine the journey he/she performs, calculating the fare he/she has to pay, and detracting it from his/hers credit; • When the citizen’s credit is finished, allow him/her to pay the bus fare through the cell phone; • provide registered citizens with information about changes in the lines they use most frequently. -score-contest.org

7. Existing Products

8. Technology Research • Smart Card Usage, Many countries are using this system for a much smarter way of paying for bus fares and other transport such as trains and subways • Self-Ticketing Kiosk with touch screen technology • Interactive map input to set out the passengers start point and destination • Mobile Ticketing • Self-service check out system which gives change to the customers transactions

9. Primary Research During the primary research phase I have given out questionnaires to find out about specific points that I wanted answer too. I have also completed a 1 on 1 interview with an everyday commuter of the bus.

10. Questionnaires

11. Interviews • Do you feel that ticket transactions on the bus happen quickly enough? “There has been incidences were many people get on the bus at the same time, but it could take 5 minutes for the transaction to be completed before leaving the bus. Putting money in the Iff card is one of the main reasons for a long transaction time, this partially defeat the point of the card which is to improve the efficiency of the service.”

12. Target Market Age: 18 – 60 years old The average commuters who still have to pay for bus fares are 18 – 60 years old, with the exceptions of the senior citizens who get to travel for free.

13. Target Market Gender: Both Male and Females

14. Target Market Profession: Students Employees Senior Citizens Daily Commuters Tourists With my observation as an everyday commuter, Students, Employees, Senior Citizens, Daily Commuters, and Tourists are the average users of a bus for transportation.

15. Target Market Purpose: Commuters would use a bus stop to wait for a bus to come. A bus arrives every 30 minutes, at times every 15 minutes. So there will be an average of more than 1 passenger waiting for a bus at a stop every hour. Having a machine to buy the tickets to at a stop, commuters will have bought their ticket using the self ticket machine before the bus arrive. To then just have to present the ticket, or be able to have a device to scan the ticket to make sure that the ticket are within the date of the service.

16. Target Market Target R.R.P for the Cardiff bus Company: £4,000 a bus stop with toughened safety glass, CCTV, illumination, and information panel. Manufactured by Clear Channel outdoor bus stops.

17. Target Market Size of Market: Citizens of Cardiff The citizens of Cardiff will be my main market as they will be the one who will be benefiting with the solution that I will be designing.

18. Explanation of Problem The payment system for bus tickets in Cardiff follows the exact change policy in which the correct amount of change has to be paid to the driver. Having the released of the bus card method which deducts the amount of the ticket within the customers paid credit doesn’t help the fact that the bus driver has to do two different action at a time. Not only this is a trouble for some passengers, it also slows down the overall time the bus operates.

19. Explanation of Problem Having the release of an App system to pay for the ticket as well has its ups and downs. Such consideration that only a few amount of people in Cardiff has access to a mobile data which provides internet connection hasn't been implemented within the release of the app.

20. Detailed Design Brief Design a system or a product that is aim towards commuters which provides self ticketing service and also provides change. The product has to withstand outdoor conditions, includes an interactive map service, and to provide compatibility with the existing smart card method. The product or a system will be used to fasten payment methods and to decrease bus delays.