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The Visual, Real-Time Stethoscope

The Visual, Real-Time Stethoscope. Design Team 5 Team Leader: Haoxin Sun John Downey Nicholas Kucher Ami Kumordzie Marina Pedisich Raghav Ramachandran Sponsored By: Angelo All, MD. Problem: Can You Hear It?. Answer.

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The Visual, Real-Time Stethoscope

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  1. The Visual, Real-Time Stethoscope Design Team 5 Team Leader: Haoxin Sun John Downey Nicholas Kucher Ami Kumordzie Marina Pedisich Raghav Ramachandran Sponsored By: Angelo All, MD

  2. Problem: Can You Hear It? Answer Is it mitral stenosis, indicating mitral valve malfunction… …or an S3 indicating left ventricular failure? Lack of training, sounds overlap, limited hearing, selective hearing Favrat B, Pecoud A, Jaussi, A. Teaching cardiac auscultation to trainees in internal medicine and family practice: Does it work? BMC Medical Education 2004, 4:1-7 http://www.blaufuss.org/tutorial/index1c.html

  3. Answer: Now you can see it!!! Normal Mitral Stenosis Aortic Regurgitation Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD) http://www.bsignetics.com/new_page_4.htm

  4. Mission To develop a visual stethoscope that enables viewing of a real-time visual representation of a patient’s heart sounds GOALS • Integrated spectrogram display screen that is large without being cumbersome • Visual display can be disabled, and device must be able to be used as a traditional stethoscope • By using this device, healthcare workers should be able to increase their accuracy in cardiac abnormalities

  5. Current State of the Art

  6. Display Options Frequency Spectrogram Phonocardiogram

  7. Packaging • Constraint: Keep acoustic stethoscope functionality untouched • Constraint: Build on the stethoscope as little as possible • “Fill the bell” • Enclose the unit • Bigger compartment

  8. Four Components Microphone Filtering Battery Visual Display

  9. 1) Microphone Small microphone implanted in head of stethoscope Divide signal into cycles by identifying S1 http://www.intricontibbets.com/151.html

  10. Waveform Processing Two options: 1. Show sequentially: 2. Average:

  11. 2) Filtering – Algorithm 1

  12. 2) Filtering – Algorithm 2 Abbas K. Abbas and Rasha Bassam, Phonocardiography Signal Processing, Morgan & Claypool 2009

  13. 3) Power Options • Power Requirements: • 5 Volts for the screen 1 • 1.2 Volts for the microphone • 50 mA for the necessary size 2 Battery Decisions: Rechargeable is better than disposable Needs at least an hour of use per charge Must be small enough to fit in head • Best Option: • 2 Rechargeable Lithium-Ion CR2450 coin batteries in series 3: • 24.5 mm Diameter • 200 mAh capacity • 3.7 V • 2 hour charge time 1. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liquid_crystal_display 2. http://www.sparkfun.com/commerce/product_info.php?products_id=257 3. http://www.sparkfun.com/commerce/product_info.php?products_id=8818

  14. 4) Visual Display LCD OLED

  15. Putting the Pieces Together 1. ttp://www.liquidware.com/shop/show/OLED/1-5+OLED+Screen 2.http://www.directindustry.com/prod/intel/microprocessor-33710-194227.html

  16. Acknowledgements Dr. Angelo All Vikram Aggarwall Dr. Robert Allen Dr. Artin Shoukas Dr. Youseph Yazdi Dr. Pamela Ouyang Susan Vazakas Busra Dinc

  17. Thank You! Questions?

  18. Appendix A • Question- Why would a health care providers pay for it? • Pressure from insurance companies • Lack of expertise (residents, nurses/EMTs, or care givers in developing countries) • Increased incentive to avoid false positives (areas with no higher level care) • Teaching tool • Question- Why not use wireless? • Simplicity is critical, especially for care providers in disadvantaged areas • An important goal is to maintain traditional stethoscope shape as well as procedures for use

  19. Appendix B: Heart Sound Frequencies Ultra-low (linear frequency band) Medium Low (60-120Hz) Medium High (120-240Hz and 240-480Hz) threshold of the audible heart murmurs has a cut-off of 57 Hz with energy level 0.98 Dyne/cm2

  20. Appendix C: Packaging

  21. Appendix C: Packaging

  22. Appendix C: Packaging

  23. Appendix D ~ costs • According to Harvard Pilgrim HealthCare • myocardial perfusion : $729 - $1442 • echocardiogram with interpretation: $262- $561 • Doppler Color Flow Velocity Mapping: $137-$252 • Electrocardiogram with interpretation : $32-$56 • CT scan : $297-$598 https://www.harvardpilgrim.org/portal/page?_pageid=253,192924&_dad=portal&_schema=PORTAL

  24. Appendix E ~ market size • In 2008… • 3M Health Care earn $4293 million in revenue • 8.2% increase since 2007. • Boston Scientific Corp. earned $8,357 million in revenue • 6.9 % increase since 2007.

  25. Appendix F ~ normal vs. abnormal

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