Introduction to Computer-Integrated Manufacturing (CIM)

1. By Prof. S. B. Gaikwad

2. Definition of CIM “CIM is the integration of the total manufacturing enterprise through the use of integrated systems and data communications coupled with new managerial philosophies that improve organizational and personnel efficiency.” Computer-integrated manufacturing (CIM) is the manufacturing approach of using computers to control the entire production process.

3. What is CIM? CIM is the integration of all enterprise operations and activities around a common corporate data repository. It is the use of integrated systems and data communications coupled with new managerial philosophies. CIM is not a product that can be purchased and installed. It is a way of thinking and solving problems. This integration allows individual processes to exchange information with each other and initiate actions.

4. Potential Benefits of CIM Improved customer service Improved quality Shorter time to market with new products Shorter flow time Shorter vendor lead time Reduced inventory levels Improved schedule performance Greater flexibility and responsiveness Improved competitiveness Lower total cost (overall cost of production) Shorter customer lead time Increase in manufacturing productivity Decrease in work-in process inventory

5. Role of Computer in Manufacturing The computer has had a substantial impact on almost all activities of a factory. The operation of a CIM system gives the user substantial benefits: Reduction of design costs by 15-30%; Reduction of the in-shop time of a part by 30-60%; Increase of productivity by 40-70%; Better product quality, reduction of scrap 20-50%.

6. Manufacturing Method As a method of manufacturing, three components distinguish CIM from other manufacturing methodologies: Means for data storage, retrieval, manipulation and presentation; Mechanisms for sensing state and modifying processes; Algorithms for uniting the data processing component with the sensor/modification component. CIM is an example of the implementation of Information and Communication Technologies(ICTs) in manufacturing.

7. CIM & Production Control System

8. Key challenges There are three major challenges for the development of a smoothly operating computer-integrated manufacturing system: Integration of components from different suppliers: When different machines, such as CNC, conveyors and robots, are using different communications protocols. In the case of AGVs (automated guided vehicles), even differing lengths of time for charging the batteries may cause problems. Data integrity: The higher the degree of automation, the more critical is the integrity of the data used to control the machines. While the CIM system saves on labor of operating the machines, it requires extra human labor in ensuring that there are proper safeguards for the data signals that are used to control the machines. Process control: Computers may be used to assist the human operators of the manufacturing facility, but there must always be a competent engineer on hand to handle circumstances which could not be foreseen by the designers of the control software.

9. Subsystems in computer-integrated manufacturing CAD (Computer-Aided Design) involves the use of computers to create design drawings and product models. CAE (Computer-Aided Engineering)  is the broad usage of computer software to aid in engineering tasks . CAM (Computer-Aided Manufacturing) is the use of computer software to control machine tools and related machinery in the manufacturing of work pieces. CAPP (Computer-Aided Process Planning)  is the use of computer technology to aid in the process planning of a part or product, in manufacturing.

10. Cont… CAQ (Computer-Aided Quality Assurance)  is the engineering application of computers and computer controlled machines for the inspection of the quality of products. PPC (Production Planning and Control) A production (or manufacturing) planning and control (MPC) system is concerned with planning and controlling all aspects of manufacturing, including materials, scheduling machines and people, and coordinating suppliers and customers. ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) systems integrate internal and external  management information across an entire organization, embracing finance/accounting, manufacturing, and sales and services.

11. Devices and Equipment used in CIM CNC DNC PNC

12. Other Devices…. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Robotics Computers Software Controllers Networks & Interfacing

13. Technologies in CIM 1. 2. 3. 4. FMS (Flexible Manufacturing System) ASRS (Automated Storage and Retrieval System) AGV (Automated Guided Vehicle) Automated conveyance systems & Robotics

14. Schematic diagram of the CIM

15. ‘CIMOSA’ (Computer Integrated Manufacturing Open System Architecture) CIMOSA provides a solution for business integration with four types of products: The CIMOSA Enterprise Modeling Framework, which provides a reference architecture for enterprise architecture. CIMOSA IIS, a standard for physical and application integration. CIMOSA Systems Life Cycle, is a life cycle model for CIM development and deployment. Inputs to standardization, basics for international standard development.

16. Advantages Disadvantages • Responsiveness to shorter product life cycles • Better process control emphasizes product quality and uniformity. • Supports and co-ordinates exchange of information • Designs components for machines. • Decreases the cost of production and maintenance • Unfamiliar technologies used. • Requires major change in corporate culture. • Reduction in short term profit. • Perceived risk is high. • High maintenance cost and expensive implementation.

17. Conclusion Computer-integrated manufacturing (CIM) is the manufacturing approach of using computers to control the entire production process. This integration allows individual processes to exchange information with each other and initiate actions. Through the integration of computers, manufacturing can be faster and less error-prone, although the main advantage is the ability to create automated manufacturing processes