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1 st Hi- Lumi WP 6 kick-off meeting 17 November 2011

Cold Powering and Superconducting Links A. Ballarino, CERN. 1 st Hi- Lumi WP 6 kick-off meeting 17 November 2011. Hi- Lumi Collaborative Project FP7-Infrastructures Twenty participants Proposal submitted in 2011 WP6

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1 st Hi- Lumi WP 6 kick-off meeting 17 November 2011

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  1. Cold Powering and Superconducting Links A. Ballarino, CERN 1st Hi-Lumi WP 6 kick-off meeting 17 November 2011

  2. Hi-Lumi Collaborative Project FP7-Infrastructures Twenty participants Proposal submitted in 2011 WP6 Cold Powering and Superconducting Links for LHC High Luminosity Upgrade WP6 Participants: CERN, INFN, University of Southampton A. Ballarino, 17 Nov. 2011

  3. Work Package 6 WP 6 Task 1 Coordination Task 2 Cryogenics Task 3 Electr. Transf. Cryostat Accelerator Physics and Performance Task 4 Energy Dep. Material Fluka team Collimators Magnet Design Crab cavities

  4. Goal of Hi-Lumi upgrade: Reduce * by stronger and larger aperture quadrupole magnets located near the collision points (low- triplet quadrupoles). Increase of Bp that can be transformed in higher quadrupole gradient or/and larger bore diameter Nb3Sn option Iop = 15 200 A Bp = 11.9 T Gradient = 171 T/m A. Ballarino, 17 Nov. 2011

  5. A. Ballarino, 17 Nov. 2011

  6. SCHEMATIC LAYOUT OF THE low- TRIPLET Distances in m MQXA A. Ballarino, 17 Nov. 2011

  7. Layout at Point 1 DFBL 3.6 m Q3,Q2,Q1 Q11, Q10…Q7 DFBA Q6 Q5 Q4,D2 D1 DFBX TAS TAN IP 8 IP1 4.5 K 4.5 K 1.9 K 3 m 12 m RR 13 UJ 13 A. Ballarino, 17 Nov. 2011

  8. POWERING CONFIGURATION OF THE LHC –TODAY- INNER TRIPLETS • Nestedcircuits • One trim power converter on Q1 DFBXA and DFBXB at P1 DFBXE and DFBXF at P5 Itot 40 kA D1 at P1 and P5: resistive magnet Q1, Q2 and Q3: four leads, each rated at 7500 A DC Corrector magnets: quadrupole, sextupoleoctupole (120 A/600 A) A. Ballarino, 17 Nov. 2011

  9. POWERING CONFIGURATION OF THE HIGH LUMINOSITY –NEW- INNER TRIPLETS • Individual powering of each circuit ? • Nested powering, e.g. one main power converter plus current trimming on each magnet ? • Split powering, e.g. Q1 in series with Q2a and Q3 in series with Q2b ? • Need for energy extraction via warm resistors of each individual magnet, i.e. need for • safety leads and additional superconducting cables in the cold bus ? • Time constant of the circuits and amount of stabilizer in the cables ? D1 at P1 and P5: resistive magnet Q1, Q2 and Q3: four leads, each rated at 7500 A Corrector magnets: 120 A (dipole) and 600 A (sextupole) resistive magnet  superconducting magnet, I 10 kA four leads, each rated at 7500 A  eight to four leads, each rated up to 15 kA Itot 40 kA  40 kA  > 100 kA A. Ballarino, 17 Nov. 2011

  10. Layout at Point 1 DFBL 3.6 m Q3,Q2,Q1 Q11, Q10…Q7 DFBA Q6 Q5 Q4,D2 D1 DFBX TAS TAN I I IP 8 IP1 4.5 K 4.5 K 1.9 K 3 m 12 m RR 13 UJ 13 A. Ballarino, 17 Nov. 2011

  11. Room temperature Cryogenic environment (4.5 K LHe in the DFBs) Cold powering system: 1) Current leads in a distribution cryostat (near the power converters); 2) Vertical electrical transfer (link); 3)Horizontal electrical transfer (link); 4) Cryogenic fluid supply and control; 5) Interconnection to the magnets bus system; 6) Protection of link and current leads. Tunnel

  12. PM 54 DFBXE (RZ54) DFBXF (UJ56) PM 15 DFBXA (UJ13) DFBXB (UJ16) A. Ballarino, 17 Nov. 2011

  13. 2100 kA A. Ballarino, 17 Nov. 2011

  14. A. Ballarino, 17 Nov. 2011

  15. Conductors in Superconducting Links MgB2 MgB2 Tape : 3.640.65 mm2 MgB2: 12 % Cu : 15 % YBCO YBCO Tape : 4 0.1 mm2 YBCO: 1-3 m Cu : 220 m Bi-2223 Bi-2223 Tape : 4 0.1 mm2 YBCO: 1-3 m Cu : 220 m A. Ballarino, 17 Nov. 2011

  16. Conductors in Superconducting Links YBCO MgB2 Ic(77 K, self field)  100 A A. Ballarino, 17 Nov. 2011

  17. Minimum quench energy of superconductors MgB2 cable 6 kA at 20 K (> 12 kA at 4.5 K) Nb-Ti cables used in LHC 6 kA at 6 K Nb-Ti, Top = 5 K Tc= 6 K → MQE = 2.63 mJ/cm3 Tc = 7 K → MQE = 5.26 mJ/cm3 Tc = critical temperature Top = operating temperature MQE= Minimum Quench Energy 6 mm A. Ballarino, 17 Nov. 2011

  18. Cryogenics for Cold Powering System 20 K-50 K Tunnel A. Ballarino, 17 Nov. 2011

  19. Where else in the LHC ? P5 P5 P7 P1 P7 Underground Installation A. Ballarino, 17 Nov. 2011

  20. Current Leads and Power Converters ~ 250 m ~ 250 m Two links each about 500 m long 48 cables rated at 600 A per link Option also for P3 A. Ballarino, 17 Nov. 2011

  21. S.Weisz, J. Osborne A. Ballarino, 17 Nov. 2011

  22. What do we have today ?

  23. CERN Prototype Link 25 × 2 × 600 A (2 × 15 kA) @ 35 K MgB2 @ 65 K (YBCO and Bi-2223) Link for Point 7 • 2 kg/m • 200 mHTS/mcable  = 40 A. Ballarino, 17 Nov. 2011

  24. Integration of CERN Prototype Link in cryostat @ SOTON L=5 m A. Ballarino, 17 Nov. 2011

  25. Test of 600 A HTS Cables MgB2 YBCO Bi-2223 MgB2 YBCO Bi-2223 600 A Measurements @ Southampton University (gas cooling) and CERN (liquid helium and liquid nitrogen). Length of HTS cables  2 m Proceedings of EUCAS 2011 A. Ballarino, 17 Nov. 2011

  26. Test of CERN 600 A HTS Cables (CERN measurements) MgB2 (SOTON measurements) YBCO Bi-2223 600 A Top 15 K 55 K Proceedings of EUCAS 2011 A. Ballarino, 17 Nov. 2011

  27. Cryostat for Link (20 m length) in SM-18 R=1.5 m A. Ballarino, 17 Nov. 2011

  28. Cryostat for Link (20 m length) in SM-18 Semi-flexible line in SM-18 test station A. Ballarino, 17 Nov. 2011

  29. High-current cable configurations MgB2 round wire 3 × 6 kA 27 cables 6000 A 48 cables 600 A Itot = 190 kA @ 20 K (2 × 95 kA)  = 15.5  = 75 • 10 kg/m • 900 mHTS/mcable YBCO tape 24 × 6000 A 42 × 600 A Itot = 169 kA & 20 K ( 2 × 84.5 kA)  =70 A. Ballarino, Proceedings of ASC 2010 A. Ballarino, 17 Nov. 2011

  30. High-current cable configurations MgB2 round wire 7 × 14 kA, 7 × 3 kA and 8 × 0.6 kA cables – Itot120 kA @ 30 K Φ = 62 mm Development of round wire at Columbus Superconductors A. Ballarino, 17 Nov. 2011

  31. CHALLENGES • Significant/unprecedented high-current long HTS cables (up to 15 kA) • Complex multi-cable assembly • Significant/unprecedented vertical transfer ( 100 m) • Need for reinforcement of cables (10 kg/m  1000 kg) • Need for appropriate compensation of thermal contraction in the straight • vertical part • Complex system to be integrated in the LHC machine A. Ballarino, 17 Nov. 2011

  32. OVERVIEW OF GLOBAL ACTIVITY Hi-Lumi FP7 WP6 CERN activity CERN activity Design study Design study Integration Task 1 Coordination - Prototypes construction - Prototypes test - System design - Series specification - Series construction - Integration - Operation Civil engineering Interfaces (mech, vacuum, electr) Task 2 Cryogenics Vacuum Task 3 Electr. Transf. Cryostat SC cables/SC link Cryostat of SC link Task 4 Energy Dep. Material Current leads Protection Fluka team

  33. Timeline HTS Links in LHC P1, P5,P7 HTS Links in LHC Hi-Lumi P1 and P5 Test of horizontal links Test of vertical links 2012 2014 2018 2020 Civil Engineering Superconductor System production 2012-2013 2018-2019 2020-2021 A. Ballarino, 17 Nov. 2011

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