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Introduction to Medication Calculations for Pharmacology Students

Learn essential medication calculation formulas, practice examples, and dosage calculations in pharmacology with this comprehensive presentation by Dr. Joseph Domenech.

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Introduction to Medication Calculations for Pharmacology Students

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  1. Introduction to Medication Calculations for Pharmacology Students Dr. Joseph Domenech Clinical Instructor Please Click Slide to Proceed

  2. Objectives • Gain an understanding of the formulas used to calculate correct medication for administration. • Show examples of medication formulas and calculations. • Practice questions throughout the presentation with a test at the end. Please Click Slide to Proceed

  3. Test Your Current Knowledge • A patient is ordered an injection of 80mg of Pethidine. Each stock ampoule 100mg per 1ml. How much will you draw up? • A patient is prescribed 3g of Sulphadiazine, the stock contains 600mg/5ml. How much Sulphadiazine should be given to the patient? • A patient is prescribed 1L of a Saline solution. The rate is set at 100ml/hr. How long will the infusion take? • How many 300mg tablets are required for a prescribed dose of 450mg? • A doctor orders Penicillin via Potassium oral suspension 56mg/kg/day in four doses per day for a child who weighs 25kg. The suspension available is 125mg/5ml. What volume should be administered at each dose? Please Click Slide to Proceed when ready

  4. Answers • .8ml • 25ml • 10 hours • 1.5 Tablets • 14 mls Please Click Slide to Proceed

  5. Medication Formulas – Tablets Strength Required Stock Strength Number Of Tablets = MEANS DIVIDE THE TOP NUMBER BY THE BOTTOM Please Click Slide to Proceed

  6. Medication Formulas – Tablets Medication Example: 750mg CIPROFLOXACIN IS ORDERED ON HAND ARE 500mg TABLETS. HOW MANY TABLETS SHOULD BE GIVEN? Strength Required Stock Strength 750mg 500mg Number Of Tablets = = 1.5 TABLETS Please Click Slide to Proceed

  7. Medication Formulas – Tablets Medication Example: HOW MANY 20mg TABLETS OF CODEINE ARE REQUIRED FOR A DOSE OF 0.05g? Strength Required Stock Strength Requires Conversion g to mg – 0.05g x 1000 = 0.05 x 1000 = 50mg 50mg 20mg Number Of Tablets = = 2.5 TABLETS Please Click Slide to Proceed

  8. Medication Formulas – Volume / Injection Strength Required Stock Strength Volume Required = X Volume Volume in the Ampoule Please Click Slide to Proceed

  9. Medication Formulas – Volume / Injection Volume Medication Example: CALCULATE THE VOLUME TO BE DRAWN UP IF A PATIENT REQUIRES 1 mg OF BUMETANIDE, AND EACH STOCK AMPOULE CONTAINS 2mg/4ml Volume Formula Calculation Strength Required Stock Strength 1mg 2mg Volume To Be Administered = Volume X = 4ml 2 ml X Please Click Slide to Proceed

  10. Medication Formulas – Volume / Injection Volume Medication Example: AN INFANT REQUIRES 2000 units OF CALCIPARINE. IF STOCK AMPOULES CONTAIN 20000 units in 1 ml. HOW MUCH SHOULD YOU DRAW UP? Volume Formula Calculation Strength Required Stock Strength 2000 units 20000 units Volume To Be Administered = Volume X = X 1ml .1 ml Please Click Slide to Proceed

  11. Medication Formulas – Volume / Injection Volume Medication Example: IF AN ADULT PATIENT WAS ORDERED 85mg OF CORTISONE, AND EACH STOCK AMPOULE WAS 5 ml AND CONTAINED 100mg OF CORTISONE, FIND THE VOLUME REQUIRED? Volume Formula Calculation Strength Required Stock Strength 85mg 100mg Volume To Be Administered = Volume X = 4.25 ml X 5ml Please Click Slide to Proceed

  12. Medication Formulas – Volume / Injection Volume Medication Example: A PATIENT ORDERED 70mg OF PETHIDINE, FIND THE VOLUME REQUIRED IF THE STOCK SOLUTION CONTAINS 10g OF PETHIDINE PER 200ml? Volume Formula Calculation Strength Required Stock Strength Conversion Required g to mg – 10g x 1000 = 10000mg 70 mg 10000 mg Volume To Be Administered = Volume X = 1.4 ml 200ml X Please Click Slide to Proceed

  13. Tablet and Volume Quiz Number Of Tablets Strength Required Stock Strength Strength Required Stock Strength = Volume X • The patient is ordered Amisulpride Tablets. Order is 1200mg Mane, the tablets come in 400mg. How many tablets do you administer? • The patient ordered Coversyl Plus 2.5mg Mane. Coversyl comes in 5mg Tablets. How many tablets do you give? • A patient experiencing pain is ordered 25mg of Toradol (Ketorolac Trometamol). The Toradol comes in 30mg/1ml. How many mls do you draw up? • A 2 year old child is ordered Painstop (120mg Paracetamol/Codeine Phosphate 5mg/5ml). The child is ordered 5ml Painstop every 6 – 8 Hours. How many mls do you administer? • A patient has returned from theatre with Nausea. The PRN order is for Ondansetron IMI. The order is for 6mg, the Ondansetron comes in 4mg/2ml. How many mls do you draw up? Please Click Slide to Proceed when ready

  14. Tablet and Volume Answers • The patient is ordered Amisulpride Tablets. Order is 1200mg OD, the tablets come in 400mg. How many tablets do you administer? 1200mg 400mg • The patient ordered Coversyl Plus 2.5mg Mane. Coversyl comes in 5mg Tablets. How many tablets do you give? 2.5mg 5mg = 3 Tablets = 1/2 Tablet Please Click Slide to Proceed

  15. Tablet and Volume Answers • A patient experiencing pain is ordered 25mg of Toradol (Ketorolac Trometamol). The Toradol comes in 30mg/1ml. How many mls do you draw up? 25mg 30mg • A 2 year old child is ordered Painstop (120mg Paracetamol/Codeine Phosphate 5mg/5ml). The child is ordered 5ml Painstop every 6 – 8 Hours. How many mls do you administer? = 1ml 0.8ml X 5ml Please Click Slide to Proceed

  16. Tablet and Volume Answers • A patient has returned from theatre with Nausea. The PRN order is for Ondansetron IMI. The order is for 6mg, the Ondansetron comes in 4mg/2ml. How many mls do you draw up? 6mg 4mg 2ml X = 3ml Please Click Slide to Proceed

  17. Medication Formulas – Weight Weight Calculation mg for each Kg Example: Child weighs 48kg the dose is 16mg for each Kg. 16mg x 48kg = 768mg/Kg required Use formula to complete how much you need. Please Click Slide to Proceed

  18. Medication Formulas – Weight Medication Example: A 5 YEAR OLD GIRL IS ORDERED PARACETAMOL STAT. THE PHARMACY GUIDELINES RECOMMEND 15mg/Kg. THE CHILD WEIGHS 18Kg. STOCK IS 125mg/5ml. HOW MANY mls WILL THE CHILD RECEIVE? WEIGHT CALCULATION 15mg for each Kg – 15 x 18 = 270mg Volume Formula Calculation Strength Required Stock Strength 270mg 125mg Volume To Be Administered = Volume X = X 5ml 10.8 ml Please Click Slide to Proceed

  19. Medication Formulas – Weight Medication Example: A CHILD WEIGHING 16kg IS ORDERED 40mg/Kg/Day. 4 DOSES A DAY, OF ERYTHROMYCIN. FIND THE STRENGTH FOR A SINGLE DOSE? Weight Calculation 40mg For Each Kg – 40 X 16 = 640mg/Day New Calculation Formula Strength Required Per Day Number Of Doses Per Day 640mg 4 doses = Single Dose Per Day = 160mg for each single dose Please Click Slide to Proceed

  20. Medication Formulas – IV Infusions Volume Flow Rate = Time Volume of fluid being administered Time for volume to be infused Please Click Slide to Proceed

  21. Medication Formulas – IV Infusions IV Infusion Calculation Example A PATIENT REQUIRES 1000ml FLUID OVER 8 HOURS. FIND THE FLOW RATE? IV Infusion Calculation Volume Flow Rate = Time 1000mls = 125mls/hr 8hr Please Click Slide to Proceed

  22. Medication Formulas – Iv Infusions A PATIENT IS TO RECEIVE 600ml 5% DEXTROSE IN WATER IV TO BE INFUSED OVER 4 HOURS. CALCULATE THE RATE IN mls/h TO BE DELIVERED BY PUMP? IV Infusion Calculation Example IV Infusion Calculation Volume Flow Rate = Time 600mls = 150mls/hr 4hr Please Click Slide to Proceed

  23. Weight and IV fluid Administration Quiz Volume Time mg x Kg = Flow Rate • Calculate the size of a single dose if a child weighing 20 kg is ordered Flucioxacillin 100mg/kg/day. 4 doses per day? • Calculate the flow rate if 1.2L is to be infused over 24 hours? • A 5 Year Old Girl is ordered paracetamol stat. The pharmacy guidelines recommend 15mg/Kg. The child weighs 25Kg. Stock is 125mg/5ml. How many ml will the child receive? • A 1000ml bag of Hartman's is to be infused over 18hours. What is the flow rate? • A patient is ordered antibiotics. A 100mg of Metronidazol in a 100ml. It is to be infused over an hour how what is the flow rate? Please Click Slide to Proceed when ready

  24. Weight and IV fluid Administration Answers • Calculate the size of a single dose if a child weighing 20 kg is ordered Flucioxacillin 100mg/kg/day. 4 doses per day? Weight Calculation: 20kg x 100mg = 2000 2000 4 doses • Calculate the flow rate if 1.2L is to be infused over 24 hours? Conversion: Litres to mls – 1.2 x 1000 = 1200mls 1200 24 Hours = 500mg for each single dose = 50 mls/hr Please Click Slide to Proceed

  25. Weight and IV fluid Administration Answers • A 5 Year Old Girl is ordered paracetamol stat. The pharmacy guidelines recommend 15mg/Kg. The child weighs 25Kg. Stock is 125mg/5ml. How many ml will the child receive? Weight Calculation: 25kg x 15mg = 375mg 375 125 • A 1000ml bag of Hartman's is to be infused over 18hours. What is the flow rate? 1000 18 Hours X 5ml = 15ml = 55.55* or 56 mls/hr Please Click Slide to Proceed

  26. Weight and IV fluid Administration Answers • A patient is ordered antibiotics. A 100mg of Metronidazol in a 100ml. It is to be infused over an hour how what is the flow rate? 100mg 100ml 100 mls/hr = Please Click Slide to Proceed

  27. Your Turn • A child requires 50 milligrams of Phenobarbitone. If stock ampoules contain 200 mg in 2ml, how much will you draw up? • What volume is required for the injection if a patient is ordered 500mg of Capreomycin Sulphate, and each stock ampoules contains 300mg/ml? • A patient needs 5000mg of medication. Stock solution contains 1g per 1ml. What volume is required? • A teenager is prescribed 1000mg of Chloramphenicol, stock on hand contains 250 mg/10ml in suspension. Calculate the volume required? Please Click Slide to Proceed

  28. Your Turn • How many 25mg tablets are required for a prescribed dose of 0.05g? • Calculate the size of a single dose if a child weighing 15 kg is ordered Flucioxacillin 100mg/kg/day. 4 doses per day. • 500ml is to infuse over 5 hour period. Find the flow rate in ml/h? • A child weighing 45kg requires antibiotics which are ordered 75mg/kg. How much will the child get in a single day if there are 3 doses a day? Please Click Slide to Proceed

  29. Your Turn • An adult is to be administered 500ml of blood in 3 hours. What is the mls/hr required to administer in the required time? • A 100ml bag of Metronidazol is to be administered over 30minutes. What is the mls/hr to achieve this? Please Click Slide to Proceed

  30. End of Tutorial Upcoming Medication Tutorials will include: • Drip Rates • Formula for amount of fluid has been infused • Formula for the length of time of the infusion • Formula to find out the time it will take to infuse fluid • Patient Controlled Analgesia calculations

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