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Europe in the Middle Ages: Advances in Farming, Industry, and Trade

Explore the advancements in farming, industry, and trade during the High Middle Ages in Europe. Learn about the impact of the manorial system, the rise of cities, and the influence of the church on women's lives. Discover the economic consequences of the Black Death and the significance of architectural innovations.

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Europe in the Middle Ages: Advances in Farming, Industry, and Trade

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  1. Chapter 10. Europe in the Middle Ages(The High Middle Ages) 1000-1500

  2. CHAPTER 10 – Learning Objectives • I can: • 10.1 • 1. Describe advances if farming, industry, the manorial system and the rise of cities. • 10.2 • Explain how the church influenced the life of women in the Middle Ages • Describe the reforms made by the Church that affected the development of medieval civilization. • 10.3 • Explain the significance of the invention of the flying buttress in architecture. • Explain how Thomas Aquinas’ Summa Theologica reflected a changing view of the university in medieval Europe. • 10.4 • Identify the economic consequences of the Black Death. • Explain why the Hundred Years’ War was a turning point in the ways of warfare.

  3. Section 1. Peasants, Trade and Cities

  4. Agricultural Revolution

  5. After AD 1000 Climate improved

  6. Horses replace oxen • New horsecollar, shoes • Faster than oxen

  7. Heavier Plow24

  8. Shift from two to three field system(about 800)

  9. More land cleared and drained

  10. Result: more land cultivated, more food, better diet • Population explosion!

  11. Manors25

  12. Typical Medieval Manor 19

  13. 1. Basic economic unit of the Middle Ages • 2. Everything owned by the lord (mills, ovens, churches etc.)

  14. 3. Self-contained community 16

  15. 4. Serfs (60% of Europe by 800) and Peasants paid for use of land with service and percentage of crops

  16. Peasant Life

  17. June 43

  18. Fall 43

  19. Winter 43

  20. At least 50 Religious holidays

  21. Fool’s Day 43

  22. Execution Day 43

  23. Massacre of the Innocents 43

  24. Diet usually adequate • Lots of bread • Little Meat • LOTS of beer and wine (monks got 3 gallons of ale per day)

  25. Peasant Dance 2

  26. Trade and Finance Expanded

  27. People went to towns to trade

  28. Fairs broke down independence • Great Fairs in Cathedral towns • Local Fairs in small towns

  29. Manors were no longer self-reliant

  30. Montagnana, Italy 45 Towns Grew

  31. 1. Increased population • 2. Serfs fled manors • 3. Fair and Pilgrim centers

  32. Carcassonne, France 4. Usually walled for defense

  33. Medieval Town, France 9

  34. Rothenburg, Germany

  35. Townhouse 9

  36. Period of great innovation

  37. Waterwheels and Windmills24

  38. Medieval Trade28

  39. The Hanseatic League http://encarta.msn.com/index/conciseindex/20/MediaMax.asp?pg=3&ti=761559716&idx=461547227

  40. Powerful trading league of German cities controlled trade in Northern Europe

  41. Hansa Houses in Germany 4

  42. Italian city-states controlled trade in the Mediterranean

  43. Venice • Florence

  44. Venice

  45. Dyer’s Guild4 Guilds

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