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CHAPTER 1

CHAPTER 1. CREATIVE THINKING. What is Creative Thinking?. Creation of a new & unique idea. Thinking out of the box. Breaking down & restructuring our knowledge in producing & advancements in new technology, medicine, management, transportation & every element of human life.

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CHAPTER 1

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  1. CHAPTER 1 CREATIVE THINKING

  2. What is Creative Thinking? • Creation of a new & unique idea. • Thinking out of the box. • Breaking down & restructuring our knowledge in producing & advancements in new technology, medicine, management, transportation & every element of human life.

  3. Is a DIVERGENT PROCESS. • Begins at a single question/point. • The search is expanding into many different direction, generating a wide variety of new ideas.

  4. “True Nature” of Creativity: • Generation of new ideas. • Seeing & pursuing a larger vision. • Positive attitude of the mind that seeks something news. • Using knowledge & skills to achieve value in news ways.

  5. Causing something unique to come out into being • Recombining the old to create something different & new • Freedom to engage in unconventional thinking to produce ideas.

  6. THEORIES OF CREATIVE THINKING: THREE PERSPECTIVES

  7. 1. SUPERNATURAL PERSPECTIVE • Is a traditional view of creative thinking. • People are born with creativity & are not made it through training.

  8. 2. RATIONAL PERSPECTIVE • Natural consequences resulting from the application of universal principles. • All activities of our world complement one another.

  9. 3. DEVELOPMENTAL PERSPECTIVE • Creative thinking develops as an individual grows to maturity. • E.g. a child can be mature as they growth to become a teenagers and adult, they be able to think creatively & critically.

  10. Characteristic of CREATIVE THINKER

  11. Positive Thinking • Avoid stress, depression & sadness • Positive Attitude • Willing to learn new things to improve level of knowledge & educational. • Become optimistic about the future & willing to accept responsibilities.

  12. THREE MAJOR VIEWS OF CREATIVE THINKING

  13. 1. The Creative Person • Include: • Imagination • Curiosity • Openness • Objectivity • Flexibility • Fluency • Sensitiveness to sensory stimulation

  14. Humour • Confidence in one’s ideas • Intellectual playfulness • Indifference towards conformity • Willingness to try new things & ideas • Synthesising skills & ability to work intensively for long period of time

  15. 2. The Creative Product • Judged by the levels of creative thinking, which range from basic to complex. • They include: • Expressive creative thinking – illustrated in brainstorming. • Productive creative thinking – judged by the number of products.

  16. Inventive creative thinking – couples efficiency & originality with available materials & ideas. • Innovative creative thinking – which rear-ranges the field as does cubism in visual art.

  17. LEHMAN PEAK PERIODS OF THE CREATIVE PRODUCTS • Examine the relationship between age & creative product. • He recorded the biographical background of the work of several thousand individuals & studied the ages at which the subjects of his study made their best contributions.

  18. As a result, we are able to identified that “creative peak” of the adult life span is in the 30s.

  19. Dennis (carried out another similar study): • Examine the relationship between age & creative products of creative people including: • Artists, scholars & scientist. • We can identify that by using “longer age” subjects, the creative peak for adults is from the 40s to the 60s.

  20. 3. The Creative Process • AKA the “heart” of creative thinking. • Involve ability to produce original ideas to a unique & quality production. • All people have it but in different degress.

  21. a. Dewey’s model problem solving • Five logical steps: • A difficulty is felt • The difficulty is located & defined • Possible solutions are considered • Consequences of these solutions are accepted

  22. According to Dewey, the complexity of the process depends upon such factors: • The maturity • Ability • Experience of the person • Environment

  23. b. Wallach’s model problem solving • Four stages include: • Preparation • Incubation • Illumination • Verification

  24. 1. Preparation • A problem is detected & relevant data are identified

  25. 2. Incubation • Leave problem into the unconscious mind / alone. • Try to think hard & mulling over the problem is counterproductive. • Avoid to think about the problem itself. • Try to do something that make you feel relax & enjoy yourself.

  26. 3. Illumination • The new solution is emerged suddenly & it been tested whether it is an applicable solution to the problem.

  27. 4. Verification • Important stage. • The ability to recognise whether a solution fits to the problem or not.

  28. c. Osborn’s model problem solving • Three steps: • Fact-finding • Idea-finding • Solution-finding

  29. d. Guilford’s model problem solving • Five types of mental operation of the structure of intellect: • Cognition – (discovery, recognition) • Memory - (retention of what is recognised)

  30. Convergent thinking – the thinking the result in the right/wrong answer to a question that can only have one answer. • Divergent thinking – the thinking in different directions / searching for a variety of ansers to questions that may have many right answers.

  31. Evaluation – the process of reaching decisions about the accuracy, goodness / suitability of the information.

  32. THEORIES OF CREATIVE PROCESS FOUR STAGES

  33. 1. SATURATION • Divided into 2 stages: • 1) Pooling elements • Gathering information related to the problem. • Contains: • Routine elements (ideas that readily come to mind) • Novel elements (new of fresh ideas) • Altered elements (the elements have been altered in some way)

  34. 2) searching for a combination in the creative process • Various potential elements from the pool will linked together. • They are set aside as cluster. • Cluster of elements will try to search for the best combination. • Involve grouping, struggling, stretching which may not comfortable.

  35. 2. INCUBATION • Leave the problem alone. • Think other thing that will make you relax & happy

  36. 3. INSPIRATION • When incubation is due to the process of unconscious mind. • Problem can be settled more easily without any interruption.

  37. 4. VERIFICATION • Valid the process in order to ensure it is applicable solution/not. • If comes to failure, the creative process need to return to the first step.

  38. FOUR CHARACTERISTIC OF CREATIVE THINKING

  39. 1. ORIGINALITY • Uniqueness of any given response. • Shown by an unusual, unique / rare response. • E.g. Design a dream computer of the future.

  40. 2. ELABORATION • Ability to clarify on a particular subject. • The bridge the individual must access in order to communicate this “creative” idea to outside of himself.

  41. Shown by the number of additions & details that can be made to some simple stimulus to make it more complex. • The additions can be in the form of decoration, colour, shading / design. • E.g. design of hand phone covers with different kinds of colours.

  42. 3. FLUENCY • Ability to produce an abundance of ideas. • The more plentiful the ideas, the greater the possibility there is to generate a significant one. • E.g. Fashion designer – try to come out / produce as much as you can in giving ideas & creativity.

  43. 4. FLEXIBILITY • Ability to shift his mental set when the circumstances require it. • Ability to overcome mental blocks, to adjust the approach to a problem. • E.g. able to work under pressure & be able to control your emotions.

  44. ENHANCING CREATIVE THINKING IN STUDENTS FOUR STEPS

  45. 1. REMOVE THE CREATIVE THINKING BLOCKAGES IN STUDENTS • Teachers: • Identify the factors that blocks the creativity of their students. • E.g: fear of failure, overemphasis on evaluation & external motivation.

  46. Finds a way to remove these blockages. • Help students to identify their creative blocks & factors to remove it. • E.g: let students identify their own weakness & try to overcome it.

  47. Unblocking creative expression is the primary & first step in enhancing creative thinking in students.

  48. 2. MAKE THEM AWARE OF THE NATURE OF THE CREATIVE PROCESS • Teachers: • Assist students to be aware of the nature of the creative process by introducing and explaining in detail the stages of creative thinking theories & models.

  49. To make them understand, realize & believe that they also can be creative. • E.g: must be able to guide their students to ensure they are in the right track & they can reveal their imaginative in a good & creative way.

  50. 3. INTRODUCE & PRACTICE CREATIVE THINKING STRATEGIES • Teachers: • Explain & introduce how creative thinking strategies work.

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