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Socialization

Socialization. Soc 10 Chapter 3. Who are Genie, Anna, and Isabelle?. Socialization. A process. How much of an individual’s personality is learned through interaction and how much is genetic or inherited?. Nature-Nurture Debate.

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Socialization

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  1. Socialization Soc 10 Chapter 3

  2. Who are Genie, Anna, and Isabelle?

  3. Socialization • A process

  4. How much of an individual’s personality is learned through interaction and how much is genetic or inherited?

  5. Nature-Nurture Debate Biologists tend to focus on the role of heredity in human development—emphasizing the role of nature. Social scientists focus on the role of learning, socialization, and culture, emphasizing the role of nurture.

  6. Importance of Human Interaction Isolated or institutionalized children do not develop the characteristics considered “normal” or “human.”

  7. Theories of Socialization • Macro Level Theories • Micro Level Theories

  8. ??? • How might a conflict theorist look at the role of schools in the socialization process?

  9. Theories of Socialization • Social Learning Theory • Conditioning: • Observational learning:

  10. Theories of Socialization • Symbolic Interactionism • Sociological perspective • Reflexive behavior: actions through which people observe, interpret, evaluate, communicate with, and attempt to control themselves • Critical in development of self • Individuals actively participate in their own socialization

  11. The Self and Socialization • Self: set of concepts used in defining who we are • Central part of socialization process • Egocentric bias

  12. The Looking-Glass Self • Charles Horton Cooley • Looking-glass self: process by which we imaginatively assume stance of other people and view ourselves as we believe they see us • Self-image: • Self-conception:

  13. The Self and Socialization • George Herbert Mead: The Generalized Other • We act towards ourselves as we act towards others • Acquisition of language key to children’s development of self

  14. The Self and Socialization • Three stages of attaining selfhood: • Play – “trying on” roles • Significant other: model, usually important person in life of the child • Game – assumption of many roles • Generalized other: social unit that gives individuals their unity of self

  15. The Self and Socialization • Erving Goffman: Impression Management • Impression management: process of presenting ourselves to others in ways that will lead them to view us favorably • Dramaturgical approach: analytical analogy and tool for depicting and understanding socialization and the shaping of the self

  16. Primary Socialization Agents • Agents of socialization are the persons, groups, or institutions that teach us what we need to know to participate effectively in society. • What is the most important?

  17. Agents of Socialization • Family • Peers • Schools • Mass media • Television and video games

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