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The subjunctive mood

Verbs have tense (present, past, or future) and mood (the speaker’s attitude toward the action). Up to now, you have been using the indicative mood , which is used to report facts and things that the speaker considers certain. The subjunctive mood.

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The subjunctive mood

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  1. Verbs havetense(present, past, or future) and mood (the speaker’s attitude toward the action). Up to now, you have been using the indicative mood, which is used to report facts and things that the speaker considers certain The subjunctive mood The subjunctive mood is used to express hopes and wishes with expressions like: Espero que… I hope that… Ojalá que… Hopefully… Quiero que… I want … When a sentence starts with these phrases and the subject of the sentence changes after que, the verb that follows que is in the subjunctive mood.

  2. To conjugate a regular verb in the subjunctive start with the yo form of the verb in the present tense and drop the O. Then add the following endings: Hablar Beber Vivir YO TÚ ÉL ELLA USTED NOSOTROS USTEDES ELLOS/AS HABL HABL HABL HABL HABL O O O O O E BEB BEB BEB BEB BEB A O O O O O VIV VIV VIV VIV VIV O O O O O A ES AS AS } E A A EMOS AMOS AMOS } EN AN AN

  3. More examples: DECIR TENER YO TÚ ÉL ELLA USTED NOSOTROS USTEDES ELLOS/AS DIG DIG DIG DIG DIG O O O O O A A TENG TENG TENG TENG TENG O O O O O AS AS } A A AMOS AMOS } AN AN

  4. * Most stem-changing verbs do not have the stem change in the nosotros form. For example: ACORDAR PERDER YO TÚ ÉL ELLA USTED NOSOTROS USTEDES ELLOS/AS ACUERD ACUERD ACUERD ACORD ACUERD E ES E EMOS EN PIERD PIERD PIERD PERD PIERD A AS A AMOS AN } }

  5. Irregular Verbs IR, DAR, SER, and ESTAR are irregular in the subjunctive mood IR DAR SER ESTAR YO TÚ ÉL ELLA USTED NOSOTROS USTEDES ELLOS/AS VAYA VAYAS VAYA VAYAMOS VAYAN DÉ DES DÉ DEMOS DEN SEA SEAS SEA SEAMOS SEAN ESTÉ ESTES ESTÉ ESTEMOS ESTÉN } }

  6. Saber Haber YO TÚ ÉL ELLA USTED NOSOTROS USTEDES ELLOS/AS SEPA SEPAS SEPA SEPAMOS SEPAN HAYA HAYAS HAYA HAYAMOS HAYAN } }

  7. PRACTICE Fill in the blanks with the correct verb in the subjunctive mood. ESTUDIAR PONER PRACTICAR IR ESCUCHAR PASAR COMER BEBER LEER 1. Los padres quieren que sus hijos beban _________________ leche en el desayuno 2. Ella espera que tú practiques deportes. _________________ 3. Ojalà que los estudiantes estudien para el examén. ____________________ 4. Mi madre quiere que yo pase ______________ la aspiradora. 5. Ojalà que nosotros escuchemos ___________________ música. 6. Yo quiero que tú vayas ________________ al cine conmigo. 7. Mi padre espera que mis hermanas pongan la mesa. __________________ comamos 8. Espero que hoy nosotros __________________ bistec a la parilla.

  8. The subjunctive with expressions of need Besides hopes and wishes the subjunctive is also used with expressions of the importance or need for someone to do something. Ex. Es necesario que Es importante que Hace falta que Hace falta que Juan termine la tarea Es necesario que practiquemos mucho para el concierto

  9. Use the infinitive (and no que) after these expressions if something needs to be done in general or by everyone Hace falta terminar la tarea Es necesario practicar mucho para el concierto The subjunctive forms of verbs that end in –car, -gar , and –zar have these spelling changes: Buscar→ Busque, busques, busquemos, etc. llegar→ Llegue, llegues, lleguemos, etc empezar→ Empiece, empieces, empecemos, etc.

  10. The subjunctive with recommendations and suggestions The subjunctive mood is required when a recommendation or suggestion is made with the word que. Te recomiendo que vayas a la fiesta. Nosotros aconsejamos que ustedes traigan mucho dinero Te recomiendo ir a la fiesta Nosotros aconsejamos traer mucho dinero

  11. Common expressions of recommendation or suggesion Sugiero que Recomiendo que Te aconsejo que Te conviene que Sería bueno que Es mejor que I suggest that I recommend that I advise you to Its advisable that you It would be good to It’s better that

  12. Cuando llegue Pablo, comeremos Cuando llegó Pablo, comimos El subjuntivo con expresiones de emoción The subjunctive is used with expressions of emotion such as: alegrarse de sorprenderse esperar tener miedo dar pena temer gustar ¡Qué lástima! lamentar preocuparse sentir To be glad about To get surprised To hope To be scared To be painful To fear To like What a shame! To lament/mourn To worry about To feel

  13. Ex. Me alegro de que vengan a la escuela. Me da pena que mi equipo nunca gane. Me sorprende que tengas tanto dinero Temo que no encuentren sus libros.

  14. Resumen The subjunctive is used with: Expressions of hopes and wishes: EX. Espero que la guerra termine pronto Expressions of the importance or need for someone to do something: EX. Es necesario que practiquemos un deporte Suggestions and recommendations: EX. Te recomiendo que tomes las cosas con calma

  15. Expressions of feelings: EX. Tememos que Marta se enferme. The unknown or nonexistent EX. Busco a alguien que sepa leer Expressions of doubt EX. Dudo que lleguen temprano Impersonal expressions that DON’T express certainty or truth: EX. Es importante que estudies

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