Subjunctive Mood

1. Subjunctive Mood

2. 虚拟语气用法 1、在条件句子中 2、在wish后的宾语从句中 3、在“建议”等从句中 4、在It’s time that -、as if-从句中

3. Comparison: If you ask him, he will help you. She will play the piano only if she is paid. 真实条件句:如果假设的情况可能发生，是真实条件句，这种情况下谓语用陈述语气

4. If I were you, I would go at once. If you had come a few minutes earlier, you would have met him. If it were sunny tomorrow, I would come to see you.

5. 虚拟条件句:如果假设的情况是不存在的或不大可能发生的，则是虚拟条件句。虚拟条件句:如果假设的情况是不存在的或不大可能发生的，则是虚拟条件句。 注意:在含有虚拟条件句的复合句中，主从句的谓语都要用虚拟语气.

6. if引导的虚拟条件句 • 动词形式 • 从句倒装 • 混合条件句

7. 与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句 1. 如果我是你，我会再试一次。 were would try If I _____ (be) you, I _________ (try) it again. 2.如果他有空，他会与你一起去的。 were would go If he _____ (be)free, he _______ (go )with you.

8. Summarize: If + 主+ did(were), 主+would/should/could/might +动词原形

9. Summarize: If +主+had done sth, 主+would/should/could/might +动词完成式（have done）

10. 与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句(通常有时间状语)与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句(通常有时间状语) 如果他明天来的话,我会告诉他这件事. came/were to come/should come If he ___________(come) here tomorrow, I ________________ tell him about it. would tell

11. 与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句 1.如果他努力学的话，他就会通过这次考试。 had worked If he ____________ (work) hard, he ______________ (pass) the examination. would have passed 2.如果他那时在那儿的话，他就能看到那部电影了。 had been If he __________ (be)there, he ________________ (see) the film could have seen

12. Summarize: If + 主+ did(were to /should do), 主+would/should/ could/might +动词原形

13. 条件状语的省略和倒装： If I were you, I would try it again. Were I you,I would try it again. If he had been there yesterday, he would have seen the film. Had he been there yesterday, he would have seen the film. If it should snow tomorrow, we wouldn’t go out. Should it snow tomorrow,we wouldn’t go out.

14. Summarize: 如果条件状语中有were, had, should时, 可以倒装成：Were / Should / Had +主+其他

15. ? If it snowed tomorrow, I wouldn’t go to party with you. If I knew her address, I would telephone her.

16. Practice: 1. If you __________tomorrow, you _________ find the new manager working in the office. A. should come; would B. would come; would C. will come; should D. comes; might 2. If the parents ______at the hospital earlier after the accident, the child would have been saved. A. arrives B. arrive C. had arrived D. has arrived

17. 3. I didn’t see your sister at the meeting. If she __________, she would have met my brother. • has come B. did come • C. came D. had come • 4. If my lawyer _______here last Sunday, he _______ me from going . • A. had been; would have prevented • B. had been; would prevent • C. were; would prevent • D. were; would have prevented

18. 5.---If he ______ he ______ that food. ---Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately. A. was warned; would not have taken B. had been warned; would not have taken C. would be warned; had not taken D. would have been warned; had not taken

19. 6. If the doctor had come earlier, the poor child __________. A. wouldn’t be lying there for two hours B. wouldn’t have laid there for two hours C. wouldn’t have lied there for two hours D. wouldn’t have lain there for two hours

20. 7. ______the exam, he would have attend a college. A. If he passed B. Had he passed C. Were he passed D. If he should pass 8. _____five minutes earlier, you could have seen them off. A. If you should arrive B. If you arrive C. Had you arrived D. Should you arrive 9. _____it rain tomorrow, we should have to put off the visit to the Science Museum. A. Were B. should C. would D. will

21. were would have taken If I _____ (be) you, I _______________ (take) his advice. 我要是你，那时就听他的了。 had listened If you ___________ (listen) to me, you _____________ (be not ) in such trouble now. might not be 你(那时)要是听我一句，现在可能不至于如此。

22. Summarize 主从句时间不一致情况下的虚拟语气(混合条件句): 有时条件从句中的动作和结果与主句中的动作，发生的时间不一致，这时动作的形式应根据它所表示的时间加以调整。

23. Further Practice had followed If you ___________(follow) my advice, you ______________(finish) the work now. 如果你当时听了我的话，现在就能完成这份工作了。 If I ______ (be) you, I ____________ (go)to her birthday party. 如果我是你，我就去参加她的生日晚会了。 could finish would have gone were

24. If you hadn’t lent me some money, I couldn’t have bought the new house and most likely I would be still living in the dangerous house now. 假若你不借钱给我， 我不可能买下这幢新房，很可能现在还住在危房里。 （从句说明过去，主句说明过去和现在。）

25. “建议”等从句中要求用虚拟语气的动词

26. suggest, order, demand, propose, command, request, desire, insist, require, advice etc.引 导的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，以__________ 原的形式出现。 (should) + v ( should ) finish We all suggest that he ____________ (finish) his homework first. The captain commanded that all the sailors _____________ (get down to )work at once. ( should ) get

27. It’s suggested ( ordered, demanded, proposed, commanded, requested, desired, insisted, required ) that … 后面的主语从句中要使用 虚拟语气，也以 ( should )+ v原.的形式出 现。 It’s ordered that only German ( should ) be taught at schools in Alsas and Lorin. It’s requested that all the students ( should ) wear school uniforms at school.

28. 以上这些动词的名词形式后面的表语从句 和同位语从句中也要用虚拟语气，也应以 (should) + v原. 的形式出现。 My advice is that you (should) practise speaking English as often as possible His request that his cost ( should ) be paid by the hour is completely reasonable. The order came that the work (should) be finished two days ahead of time

29. His accent suggests he _____(come) from Hunan. comes agreed His silence suggested that he _______ (agree)with my decision I insist that he _____ (be) wrong was He insists that doing morning exercises _____ (do)good to people’s health. does

30. wish引导的虚拟句

31. Exercises: 1. “ Have you visited the Science Museum?” “ No, but I really wish I _______.” A. had B. did C. have D. will 2. I didn’t go to the party, but I do wish I ___there. A. was B. were C. had been D. went 3. I wish I _________ you yesterday. A. see B. did see C. had seen D. were to see

32. 4. ---He is a brave man. ---Yes, I wish I _________his courage. A. Have B. had C. will have D. would have 5. Tom can take his car apart and put it back together again. I certainly wish he _____me how. A. teaches B. will teach C. has taught D. would teach

33. 6. The picture exhibition bored me to death. I wish I ________to it. A. hadn’t gone B. haven’t gone C. didn’t go D. could not have gone 7. How I wish I __________that! Everybody present was angry with me. A. didn’t go B. hadn’t done C. wouldn’t do D. wasn’t doing

34. Summarize: did/were had done wish + that clause could / might /would do 比较：The foreign friends hope that they can join the celebrations for the university's eighty anniversary. 外国朋友们希望能参加八十周年校庆活动。

35. It is time that- …as if (though)…

36. 1. as if /though + Clause 过去时 现在： 过去： 将来 : 过去完成时 would+动词原形 She loves the baby as if it were her own son. He speaks as if he had been to the United States.

37. (1) 对现在的虚拟,谓语动词用过去时 (系动词用were),意指主从句谓语表示的动词同时发生.例如: 他看起来好象病了. He looks as if he were ill. 他感到他应该独自对发生的 事情承担责任. He felt as if he alone were responsible for what had happened.

38. (2) 对过去的虚拟谓语动词使用had+过去分词,意指从句谓语动词发生在主句谓语动词之前.例如: 她英语说的很好就象是在英国学习的一样. She spoke English well as if she had studied English in England. 我记得整件事情就象是昨天发生的一样. I remember the whole thing as if it had happened yesterday.

39. (3) 对未来的虚拟谓语动词使用would+动词原形, 意指从句谓语动词发生在主句谓语动词之后. 例如: 史密斯太太哭得心都快碎了. Mrs. Smith sobbed as if her heart would break.

40. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it __________. A. breaks B. has broken C. were broken D. had been broken The actor is 58 years old. But he acts as if he _______ a young man. A. is B. will be C. am D. were The clouds are getting darker and darker. It looks as if it _______rain. A. is going to B. will C. was going to D. would

41. Summarize: 如果表示的事情可能会发生，那么状语从句中的谓语动词可用陈述语气。 It looks as if you are tired.

42. 1. It’s (about/high) time +that --- 过去时 should +V. It’s high time that you went. It’s high time that you should go. 你该走了。 我们该去睡觉了。 It’s time that we went to bed. It’s time that we should go to bed.

43. 1 He suggested that the meeting  put off. A. not be     B. should not   C. wouldn’t        D. be not2 It is strange that he  so.   A. thinks   B. think          C.thought        D. will think3 I wish I  my uncle yesterday.   A. met         B. have met   C. would meet    D. had met4 The old professor gave orders that the experiment  before 6. A. was finished   B. will finish  C. be finished    D. shall be finished

44. 5. It’s already 5 o’clock now. Don’t you think it’s about time____ ? A. we are going home B. if she leaves C. we went home D. if she had left

45. 6. It’s high time he  home.   A. goes    B. went        C. will go       D. is going to go 7. Galileo insisted that the earth  round the sun.   A. should move  B. move  C. moves      D. A or B