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Quest for Empire Chapter 22

Quest for Empire Chapter 22. Imperialism. I. Remake the world in the American image!. 1. Imperialism – imposition of control over other people Colonies 1880 to 1914  active imperialism. More markets = more power!. II. RELIGION AND SOCIAL DARWINISM. Reverend Josiah Strong’s speech

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Quest for Empire Chapter 22

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  1. Quest for EmpireChapter 22 Imperialism

  2. I. Remake the world in the American image! 1. Imperialism – imposition of control over other people • Colonies • 1880 to 1914active imperialism. • More markets = more power!

  3. II. RELIGION AND SOCIAL DARWINISM • Reverend Josiah Strong’s speech • Pamphlet “Our Country” 1885 • Americansdestined to lead others • Social Darwinists • Other cultures not worth preserving • Only America is the appropriate model

  4. III. HAWAII • In 1890 USN Cpt. Alfred T. Mahan • “Influence of Sea power Upon History” • Strong Navy!! • Need colonies for bases; way stops • Andrew CarnegieShips need steel!!

  5. HAWAII (cont’d) • HI • Sugar cane; fruit stories. • By 1890 – native Hawaiians;40% of pop. • White Americans dominated society

  6. HAWAII (cont’d) 10. In 1887-Bayonet Constitution • U.S. gets– Pearl Harbor 11. Liliuokalani1891 • She inspires nationalism • Resist Americans

  7. HAWAII (cont’d) 12. January 1893 – Queen Lil overthrown • Hawai becomes a republic • Sanford B. Dole!!! 13. 1898 –HI becomes a territory • 1959 became the 50th state in the union

  8. IV. Venezuelan crisis • Eng. v. VZ border dispute. • VZ asks USA to help • US: “Monroe Doctrine” • British agree to a meeting • DISPUTED LAND WAS DIVIDED

  9. V. Cuba 1. Cuba sugar plantations;tobacco;cigars 2. Spain harsh over Native Cubans → denied independence 3. 1895 – Jose Marti launches a revolution from America.

  10. Cuba (cont’d) 4. Spanish bring in Valeriano Weyler – “BUTCHER” • “Reconcentration” policy. • Cuban pop.put into camps • Anyone outside camps were “rebels”

  11. Cuba (cont’d) • American “Yellow” Press generated American sympathy • Exaggerated stories about the Cubans and the Spanish • Americans protest “reconcentration” • “Cuba Libre”rallying cry • Hearst: “you furnish the pictures, I’ll furnish the war.”

  12. Cuba (cont’d) • U.S.S. Maine exploded in Havana Harbor • Press accused Spain of sabotage! • Realityboiler exploded • “Remember the Maine”

  13. Cuba (cont’d) 17. McKinley sends Spain an ultimatum: • End fighting • End reconcentration • Accept U.S. arbitration of conflict 18. April 19th, 1898 • U.S. Congress declares Cuba independent • Spain ordered to withdraw • Authorized President to use military force • Teller Amendment

  14. Cuba (cont’d) 19. Spain declares war!

  15. VI. THE SPANISH – AMERICAN WAR • 1st battleThe Philippines April 11, 1898 • Islands held key strategic purposes • Commodore George Dewey;Asst. Secretary of Navy Theodore Roosevelt

  16. THE SPANISH – AMERICAN WAR (cont’d) • America’s 1st war overseas • Many volunteered • Rough Riders • Press made TR a hero and household name

  17. THE SPANISH – AMERICAN WAR (cont’d) 8. TRcharge up San Juan Hill • The war lasts 3 months – the summer of ’98 • “splendid little war” • 5,400 Americans died – but only 379 from actual combat • Rest died of disease

  18. THE SPANISH – AMERICAN WAR (cont’d) • Peace Treaty of Paris – 1898 • Cuba independent • U.S. gets Philippines, Puerto Rico, Guam • Platt Amendment • U.S. gets military bases • Cuba can’t sign treaties against American interests • The U.S. can intervene

  19. THE SPANISH – AMERICAN WAR (cont’d) 7. What happens to the Philippines? • Emilio Aquinaldo • Christianize and Americanize Filipinos • 1898 and took 4 years: (ends 1902) • 200,000 Filipinos • 5,000 Americans (Indian fighters) 4. RECONCENTRATION

  20. VII. ASIA AND SPHERES OF INFLUENCE • “open door policy” • “SPHERES” • In 1899-Boxers rose in rebellion

  21. ASIA AND SPHERES OF INFLUENCE (cont’d) • 1905 Russia v. Japan over Port Arthur • Pres. TR mediated Portsmouth N.H. • balance of power • To “check” Japan • TR won Nobel Peace Prize

  22. Foreign Armies

  23. ASIA AND SPHERES OF INFLUENCE (cont’d) 9. Dollar Diplomacy

  24. VIII. AMERICA INVADES LATIN AMERICA • Cuba still occupied by U.S. • North America benefits not the Cubans • U.S. corporations get more than 60% of Cuba’s rural lands • U.S. marines prevent rebellions

  25. AMERICA INVADES LATIN AMERICA (cont’d) • Panama Canal • Pacific and Atlantic Oceans quicker • Panama controlled by Colombia • U.S. encourages Panamanian rebels to rise in rebellion

  26. AMERICA INVADES LATIN AMERICA (cont’d) • 1903 – REVOLUTION IN PANAMA • U.S. GUNBOAT “NASHVILLE” KEPT COL. FROM LANDING TROOPS IN PANAMA • “GUNBOAT DIPLOMACY” (M) • NOV 18, 1903 – HOUSE – CANAL TREATY • USA MADE THEMSELVES SOVEREIGN IN PANAMA

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