Age of Contact Test Revisions

1. Age of Contact Test Revisions

2. Question 1 • How was Spain able to establish an empire in the Americas in the 1500s? • The Spanish used the treasure taken from Tenochtitlan to find their empire in the Americas. • The Spanish had better weapons to use against the millions of Native Americans already living in the Americas. • The Spanish were the first Europeans to go to the Americas so they could freely establish an empire without opposition. • The Spanish had superior navigation skills to get to the Americas

3. Question 2 • What was the importance of Alonso Alvarez de Pineda’s exploration? • He mapped the coastline of the Gulf of Mexico from Florida to Mexico so later explorers would have a guide to their exploration. • He learned to get along well with Native American groups so later explorers could follow the patterns of his relationships with Native Americans • He traveled across territory previously unknown to Europeans and found that the gold they wanted was not to be found, saving later explorers from wasting their time. • As viceroy of New Spain he organized expeditions throughout the territory, helping later explorers focus their expedition on specific goals.

4. Question 3 • Which of the following items, all mentioned in Cabeza de Vaca’s stories of his travels, were found by later explorers? • Emeralds • Magnificent houses • Gold • Buffalo

5. Question 4 • Which of the following is the best definition for viceroy? • Leader of expeditions who claimed land areas for Spain • Head of a Roman Catholic mission who converted Native Americans to Catholicism • Official who ruled in the name of the king of Spain over a large territory or colony • Soldier-explorer who helped to conquer large territories for Spain

6. Question 6 • Which conquistador conquered Native American lands in Mexico? • Alonso Alvarez de Pineda • Hornando de Soto • Hernan Cortes • Cabeza de Vaca

7. Question 9 • Why was Fort St. Louis a threat to Spain? • It was a very effective military outpost for France • It was a French fort within territory that Spain believed was part of New Spain • It was the capital of a new French colony in New Spain • It was the center of French and Native American operation against Spain in the Americas

8. Question 11 • What speculation is given in the excerpt that indicates La Salle acted to challenge Spain? • “When La Salle returned to France, he proposed a to found a French colony at the mouth of the Mississippi River.” • “La Salle may have hoped he could use that colony as a base from which to capture silver mines in northern New Spain.” • “When the ships reached Haiti, in the Caribbean, a Spanish privateer captured one of the French vessels, stealing with it much-needed supplies.” • “Worst of all for La Salle, he was not a very skilled navigator. He missed the mouth of the Mississippi River by 400 miles (643 km).”

9. Question 12 • By the late 1600s, what other countries besides Spain had established colonies in North America? • Portugal, Italy, and France • France, Germany, and Sweden • France, England, and the Netherlands • Mexico, France, and England

10. Question 14 • According to the time line, how long after the Spanish first saw the lands of Texas did the French found their first settlement in Texas? • 200 years • 92 years • 157 years • 166 years

11. Question 15 • What was the effect of Cabeza de Vaca’s journey through Texas in 1535-36? • Cabeza de Vaca’s stories about his journey became the reason other conquistadors what to explore Texas. • Cabeza de Vaca’s expedition taught the French that Texas was not a place that should be settled. • Cabeza de Vaca became very wealthy because of the gold and minerals he found as he traveled through Texas. • Cabeza de Vaca founded the settlement of Galveston.

12. Question 16 • What place did Francisco Vasquez de Coronado reach that the thought must be the city of Cibola? • A Wichita settlement of sticks and animal skins • A Zuni settlement of mud and stone • The Grand Canyon • Quivira

13. Question 17 • What did Coronado report to the Spanish King about his expedition? • He wrote that Spain should keep searching for gold throughout its empire • He wrote that he had found a lot of gold soil for farming, but no gold • He wrote that the Zuni Pueblo settlers welcomed him warmly • He wrote that seeing the Grand Canyon and Palo Duro Canyon were the highlights of his trip

14. Question 19 • What was the effect of the establishment of Fort St. Louis on Spain? • Spain decided to abandon the area that became eastern Texas • Spain made an alliance with Native Americans in the area around Fort St. Louis • Spain moved the capital of New Spain to Fort St. Louis • Spain began paying more attention to exploring and settling what became eastern Texas

15. Question 20 • What can you conclude about the relationship between the French and the Karankawa? • The French and the Karankawa were enemies • The French and the Karankawa untied to oppose the Spanish in Texas • The French and the Karankawa had an uneasy but peaceful relationship • The French and the Karankawa helped one another survive

16. Questions 21-25 A B C D E

17. Questions 26-30 D 26. _____ a home made out of adobe bricks 27. _____to spend a little money in the hopes that you will get a lot in return 28. _____a country or area under the full or partial control of another country and occupied by settlers from that country 29. _____an extensive group of states or countries under a single supreme authority 30. _____a crude fort • Colony • Empire • Stockade • Pueblo • Return on investment E A B C