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Spanish Power Grows

Spanish Power Grows. Textbook Chapter 16-1. Section Vocabulary. Hapsburg Empire : Holy Roman Empire and the Netherlands (Germany) Absolute monarch : ruler with complete authority over the government and the lives of the people

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Spanish Power Grows

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  1. Spanish Power Grows Textbook Chapter 16-1

  2. Section Vocabulary • Hapsburg Empire: Holy Roman Empire and the Netherlands (Germany) • Absolute monarch: ruler with complete authority over the government and the lives of the people • Divine right: belief that the authority to rule comes directly from God • Armada: naval fleet

  3. Charles V—2 crowns? • 1516: grandson of Ferdinand and Isabella, Charles I, inherits the Spanish throne • 1519: Charles also inherits the throne of the Holy Roman Empire (Germany) • Charles takes the name Charles V and is more commonly known this way

  4. Problems with having two empires: • Religion: Charles was a Catholic and fought to suppress Protestantism • Ottoman Empire: advances and occupation of Southeastern Europe • Eventually, the empire becomes too difficult to rule and Charles gives up the thrones. • His brother becomes Holy Roman Empire, while his son, Philip becomes the king of Spain.

  5. Philip II solidifies power • Centralizing Power: reigned as an absolute monarch who believed in divine right and desired to defend the Catholic Reformation • Battles in the Mediterranean and the Netherlands: Philip was forced to fight many battles in order to defend Catholicism in these Protestant or Muslim areas

  6. The Defeat of the Spanish • The Armada sails against England: Queen Elizabeth I of England was Philip’s most powerful Protestant enemy. • She also encouraged the attacks of sea captains on Spanish ships to steal gold. • In 1588, Philip assembled a huge armada to invade England (130 ships, 20,000 men, and 2,400 pieces of artillery). • However, the smaller English ships • were able to out maneuver those • of Spain and they defeated the • Spanish fleet.

  7. An Empire Declines • The defeat of the Spanish fleet marked the beginning of the decline of Spanish power. • Philip II’s successors were not good rulers. • Economic problems—costly overseas ventures, neglect of farming and commerce in favor of gold and silver • Depletion of workforce due to the expulsion of Muslims and Jews from Spain

  8. Spain’s Golden Age: 1550-1650 • While Spain was at its height politically and economically, it was also leading the way in culture. • Painters: El Greco and Velasquez • Writers: Miguel Cervantes writes Don Quixote (first modern novel)

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