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Things that make you go Hmmmmm ……. Or It is what it is!. Objectives. Identify benign skin lesions with confidence Identify resources for dermatology education AND one new thing about management of Hemangiomas. Lichen Striatus. Primary phase.
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Things that make you go Hmmmmm…… Or It is what it is!
Objectives • Identify benign skin lesions with confidence • Identify resources for dermatology education • AND one new thing about management of Hemangiomas
Lichen Striatus • Primary phase
Secondary Phase Fading and Flattening
-Common 9months to 6 years but can occur earlier or later -Last 1-3 years -Relapses of short duration have been noted after complete clearing
Nevus Depigmentosis • Generally present at birth or within several months, sometimes not obvious until sun exposure in fairer skin • Borders can be regular or irregular • Can have whorled appearance
Follows blashkos lines • Can be associated with neurologic, skeletal, and/or ocular abnormalities • The hypopigmentation is secondary to hypofunctioning of melanocytes and is thought that mishap ear in embryogenesis is responsible for the mosaicism. • No consistent genetic defect. • Follow up depends on associated abnormalities.
Beckers Nevus Large dermal nevi commonly shoulder but not exclusively • Large, pigmented, hairy nevus • Most commonly noted in adolescence • Benign
Melan0nychia StriataLongitudinal Melanonychia • Most commonly seen in individuals with darker skin- especially African-Americans in whom up to 90% may have at least one such streak • The pigmentation extends from the proximal nail fold to the distal margin of the digit • The width may vary from less than 1mm to several mm • But……. (there is always a but)
Nail Matrix Melanoma should be considered • Worrisome features may include very dark, broad bands AND • Extension of the pigmentation onto the proximal or lateral nail folds (aka Hutchinson’s Sign) • Any patient with this presentation should be referred for nail matrix biopsy which can cause permanent damage to the nail plate
CRPEtiology: Unknown • Minocin 100mg BID x30 days then qd x 30 days
First described by Dr. Duncan in Houston in 1987 At fist glance these patients may appear to have confluent and reticulated papillomatosis (CARP) or acanthosisnigricans In contrast to derma neglecta soap and water will not wash this off, isopropyl alcohol is necessary When this condition is suspected, firm, persistent pressure should be applied while rubbing the skin with alcohol. The cause of terra firma-formedermatosis is unknown.
This a variant of dry skin It is usually asymptomatic Appears worse in summer, better during school year Treatment is sunscreen and moisturizer If you mom think it is fungal….. Do a culture
Very common!! Become more extensive in drier climate. Individual lesions represent plugs of stratum corneum in individual follicular openings ie: Skin Trash Moisturizer with urea of lactic, salycylic acid May help but is not curative.
IDReaction Autosensitization Dermatitis autoeczematization Hypopigmented thickened papules often on elbows , knees Can be eczematous and very itchy
-found in up to 50% of patients with nickel dermatitis • -nearly always symmetrical • -may also be seen in response to infectious agents, particularly in bacterial and dermatophyte infections. • In the case of tineacapitis the id reaction is usually seen on the head and neck and is often after initial of oral antifungal agent and is erroneously diagnosed as drug reaction • Clearance occurs with resolving of the originial cause- nickel avoidance, clearance of tinea, etc.
Knuckle PADS Knuckle pads were medically first described by Garrod in 1893 and are also named Garrod's pads
There is no known established, generally successful therapy. Injection of corticosteroids (triamcinolone) can soften and sometimes even shrink the pads. Radiation therapy has also been reported to be successful in some cases but not consistently. Knuckle pads can be surgically removed in the case of pain associated with them. . .
Aplasia Cutis Congenita Developmental defect rather than birthmark Occurs in about 1 in 5000 births Ulcerated defects may heal with scar.
Although usually benign, the hair collar sign may be associated with other physical anomalies and malformation syndromes. No specific laboratory tests are required, although a hair collar sign signals the possibility of a CNS malformation and thus may warrant an MRI scan to rule out an underlying pathology
Nevus Sebaceous Appears at birth as slightly raised yellow orange nevus At puberty become raised and warty Basal cell carcinoma and other benign tumors occur in 15-50% of the tumors Excision recommended prior to puberty.
Mastocytomamastocytosis UrticariaPigmentosa
UrticariaPigmentosa • Hereditary Form • Seen in less than 2% of children • Often onset is after 12 months of age • More lesions accumulate slowly with age and lesions do not spontaneously resolve. • System symptoms develop with time in 2% of the children with this form (flushing, tachycardia, hypotension, hepatosplenomegaly
Mastocytoma • Solitary lesion • Will not develop more • Topical steroids for treatment of symptoms
Non Hereditary Form of Mastocytosisis much more common • Blotchy macular and nodular pigmented lesions which appear in the first 8 months of life starts with one or 2 and then develop numerous lesions over months. • The hyperpigmented appearance may not appear until 6 months after onset • Darriers sign- stroking the lesion will cause tense edema and redness • Spontaneous clearing by 6 or 7 years of age is usual
Essential that children with any type of Mastocytosis not be given the following medications: Opiates (codeine, demerol, morphine) Polymixin B Acetylsalicylic Acid In the case of surgery very important that perioperative medications carefully Selected.
Treatment options • Nonsedating Antihistamine (zyrtec, Allegra, etc) • Regular daily dosing • Can try every 6 months to stop and if starts flaring then resume medication • Topical Steroids for itching in individual lesions BID • For body Triamcinolone 0.025% or 0.1% • For face/neck/groin/axilla/head Hydrocortisone 2.5% or Desonide 0.05%.
Propranolol Protocol at CMC Dermatology • Prior to initiation of therapy needs : • BP • Pulse • Chest Xray • ECG • Propranolol 1mg/kg/dose administer BID (20mg/5ml solution)
Propranolol • Propranolol 1mg/kg/dose administer BID 20mg/5ml solution • Taper Schedule: • Days 1-4 0.25mg/kg/dose BID • Days 5-9 0.5mg/kg/dose BID • Days 10-13 0.75mg/kg/dose BID • Day 14 and on 1mg/kg/dose BID • Can also divide the above doses to TID (.025mg/kg x2) • 3
Follow up Schedule • Follow up is weekly x 3,then q2w x 4, then montly. BP q visit. • Infants younger than 3 months should have CBG monitored each visit. • Parents should be instructed how to count pulse and recognize low heart rate • They should watch for somnolence, perioral pallor, cold hands and feet. • Patients must be fed q4h while on this medication due to hypoglycemia possibility
