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PROBIOTICS IN HEALTH & DISEASE . www.triphasepharma.com. An ISO9001:2008 Certified Company. What are Probiotics ? Potential Mechanisms of Action Therapeutic Targets of Probiotics Strain Specificity Quality Control. PROBIOTICS.
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PROBIOTICS IN HEALTH & DISEASE www.triphasepharma.com An ISO9001:2008 Certified Company
What are Probiotics? • Potential Mechanisms of Action • Therapeutic Targets of Probiotics • Strain Specificity • Quality Control Private & Confidential
PROBIOTICS • “Live microorganisms which when administered in adequate amounts confer a health benefit on the host” • Probiotic microorganisms can be found in both supplement form and as components of foods and beverages. Private & Confidential
TYPES OF PROBIOTIC • Lactobacillus - Most available are species are, • - L.acidophilus • -L.casei • - L.reuterii • - L.rhamnosus • - L.bulgaricus • - L.plantarum • Bifidobacteria- Most available are species are, • -B.infantis • - B.longum • - B.bifidum • - B.lactis • Saccharomyces boulardii – Widely studied probioticyeast • Saccharomyces cerevisiae- Most used probiotic strain for varied applications Private & Confidential
THERAPEUTIC TARGETS OF PROBIOTICS Gut Function Acute Diarrhea AAD, Travelers diarrhea C. difficileInf Lactose Indigestion IBS symptoms Gut pain sensation Inflammatory bowel Skin Microbiology, Inflammation • Oral Care • Dental caries • Allergy • Atopic dermatitis • Asthma • Metabolic Syndrome • Obesity, Diabetes Colds Respiratory Infections Vaginal Infection
S. boulardiiIs Effective in Patients with Recurrent C. difficileDisease Initial CDD Recurrent CDD P=NS P=0.04 CDD recurrence, % CDD recurrence, % Control (n=34) S. boulardii (n=26) Placebo (n=33) S. boulardii (n=31) Patients received standard antibiotics (vancomycin or metronidazole) and S. boulardii 1 g/day or placebo for 4 weeks. CDD=Clostridium difficile-associated disease McFarland L, et al. JAMA. 1994;271:1913-1918.
PROBIOTICS FOR PREVENTION OF ANTIBIOTIC ASSOCIATED DIARRHEA Mixtures included: Lactinex = L. acidophilus and L. bulgaricus; Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacteriumlactis; Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacteriuminfantis. McFarland, Am J Gastroenterol 2006; 101(4): 812-822.
MISCONCEPTIONS ABOUT PROBIOTICS • Probiotics are live active cultures • More is not better • Dose (1 billion vs 10 billion vs 450 billion) • Number of strains • The effect of probiotics is genus specific
DOSAGE & STRAINS OF PROBIOTICS • The dose of probiotics is usually expressed as the number of colony forming units (CFUs) • The required dose of probiotics may vary greatly for different strains and the specific health effect under investigation • Probiotic effects should be considered dose-specific • Dose listed on the label must be based on studies that show a health effect in humans • Different strains of the same species can be different • Clinical support to substantiate claims must be for each probiotic strain
PROBIOTICS -QUALITY CONTROL • Source (Animal vs Human; Normal vs Diseased) • Safety (in at risk populations) • Characterization (strain purity) • Viability (Cfu Delivered) • Dose (Dose-response studies) • Combinations/cocktails (Different effects of different Bacterial,yeast strains)
ADVANTAGES OF YEAST PROBIOTIC COMPARE TO BACTERIAL PROBIOTICS
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