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Pace Immigration Forum: Unauthorized Immigration: Police & Higher Ed. Issues

Pace Immigration Forum: Unauthorized Immigration: Police & Higher Ed. Issues. Timothy J. Dunn Associate Professor, Dept. of Sociology Salisbury University (Maryland)

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Pace Immigration Forum: Unauthorized Immigration: Police & Higher Ed. Issues

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  1. Pace Immigration Forum: Unauthorized Immigration: Police & Higher Ed. Issues Timothy J. Dunn Associate Professor, Dept. of Sociology Salisbury University (Maryland) Blockading the Border and Human Rights: The El Paso Operation That Remade Immigration Enforcement (2009 University of Texas Press)

  2. Unauthorized Immigration, Crime & Local Law Enforcement • Immigrants have lower violent crime (45%) and incarceration rates (2/3) (Portes & Rumbaut 2006, Sampson 2008) • Unauthorized immigrants are at greater risk of crime victimization • Locally, double victzn. rate (robbery, lack bank accounts) (2004 survey) • Local Police involvement in Immigration Enforcement reduces Trust & Cooperation with immigrant communities, & reduces Public Safety • e.g., 2007 murder & robbery cases • Locally, 1/3 immigrants fear calling police for help or report crime

  3. Higher Education & UnauthorizedImmigrants College Access limited -- Courts left to state discretion (Olivas 2009) • Most States allow entry & charge out-of-state tuition • 9 States give in-state tuition (CA, TX, NM, NY, IL, UT, NE, KS, WA) • Still no work permission, when finished • Under-Utilized Human Capital / Potential (e.g., Viri in Sterling 2010) • Harms Future Economy & Society– Immgs. & children Key future workforce, Diversity! Dream Act Solution (almost passed Dec. 10, now?...) (Batalova & McHugh 2010) Grant Conditional Residency /Legzn. for Uauthzed. Immg. Youth & In-State Tuition 2.1 MN eligible • Criteria: Entered US b/f 16, US resident 5 yrs, HS grad or GED, < 35 • Become Perm. Resident IF: 2+ yrs Post-HS Ed OR Milt Service AND clean record. • Est. Only 38% eligible succeed--become Perm Residents • Obstacles—Engl, ¼ adults no GED / HS degree, Low Income, drop out rate, Work & Family time demands • Need—Exponentially more Engl.& GED classes, massive Financial Aid, daycare, many more & targeted HS drop out prevention progs., Selective Acculturation Valued

  4. Policy Issues • Unauthzd. Immgn. Fiscal Costs– Most studies est. about even. • Taxes pd vs. Services used – but dist. un= (Fed gains, State & Local govts. net loss – Fed. Assistance?) • Under-Developed Human Capital/Potential Hurts Economy & Society • Increased K-12 Ed & Access Higher Ed, Legal Status (& Milt) = + Human Capital, + Economy/Workforce & Society, + Tax $ • “Selective Acculturation” Key to Ed. Success--1 foot in both cultures • US language & institutions, AND Value ethnic community, language & culture, & family • Need ESOL & Bilingual / Bicultural valued, GED & remedial progs,, Financial aid

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