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Exploring Sleep Stages & Insomnia: Understanding Consciousness Shades

Dive into the stages of sleep from NREM to REM cycles, including characteristics, brain waves, and the impacts of sleep on our body and mind. Learn about common sleep disorders like insomnia, its prevalence, causes, and treatment options.

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Exploring Sleep Stages & Insomnia: Understanding Consciousness Shades

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  1. Stages of Sleep SSPBF2: The student will compare different states of consciousness. EQ: Describe the sleep cycle

  2. Stage 1 • NREM • Stage 1 lasts from 30 seconds to 10 minutes • characterized by sensory images and slow rolling eye movements • recognized by the appearance alpha waves then to theta waves on an EEG • May included brief dreamlike hallucinations, feeling of falling, & sudden movements, hypnic jerks

  3. Stage 2 • NREM • lasts about 20 minutes • recognized by the occurrence of theta waves, sleep spindles (short, high frequency bursts of electrical energy), and K-complexes (very short bursts of high amplitude brain waves) on an EEG.

  4. Stage 3 • NREM, deep sleep • Heart rate, breathing, and brain waves slow down • recognized on an EGG by the beginning of delta waves • Transition from light sleep into deep sleep

  5. Stage 4 • NREM, deep sleep • Heart rate, breathing, and brain waves slow down • recognized by the occurrence of delta waves • Release of growth hormones • Sleepwalking & night terrors occur • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-AANENfiB3Y Night terrors • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4ujSv2z3MEk#t=0.9016876 Night terrors • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3LGRyW80kLU sleep paralysis

  6. Sleep Cycle

  7. REM • Rapid eye movements happen under closed eyes • Nearly all dreams occur here including nightmares • Characterized by low amplitude, high frequency waves

  8. Why we sleep? • Repair theory: Daily activities break down key factors in our brain & body that sleep replenishes • Growth hormone secretion – contributes to metabolism, physical growth, brain development • Strengthens immune system • Restores glycogen (brain energy) needed for functioning & survival

  9. Why we sleep? • Adaptive theory: sleep evolved because it prevented humans & animals from wasting energy & exposing themselves to dangerous predators • Humans have limited night vision setting the circadian clock for sleeping to nighttime

  10. Insomnia – chronic problem of getting adequate sleep Prevalence – 30-35% of adults report insomnia; more common in women Causes – many causes; anxiety, tension, stress, health issues, sometimes drug use Treatment – prescription meds, (sedatives), relaxation & behavioral interventions

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