Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) Highway Safety Data

1. Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) Highway Safety Data 2004 Traffic Records Forum SESSION 4 Larry Brown FHWA, Office of Safety July 26, 2004 FHWA Office of Safety

2. FHWA Safety Improvement Emphasis • Road Departure • Intersections • Pedestrian and Bike • Safety in Planning Process • Speed Management • Safety Management • Safety Data • Highway Safety Improvement Program (HSIP) (All Emphasis Role of Technology & Innovation- Innovative Technologies (ITS / VII /IVI efforts) FHWA Office of Safety

3. ITS Roadway Departure Guidance & Visibility Curve Warning Sign Systems Lane Keeping (e.g. Haptic Warning Rumble Strips) FHWA Office of Safety

4. ITS Intersections • IVI Infrastructure Consortium - Intersection Support & Demo. • Haptic Feedback Devices • Short-Time Warning Devices • Safety Analysis Model and Applications • Traffic Signal Test-Bed (Operations, Safety and IVI) FHWA Office of Safety

5. ITS Pedestrians & Bicyclists • FOT - Automated Ped and Bike Detection & Warning • Ped. And BIke Info. in Traffic Management Centers • FOT – Assisting technology for Impaired Ped. • FOT - Ped. Safety Engr’ing And ITS-Based Countermeasures FHWA Office of Safety

6. ITS Speed - Related • FOT – Variable Speed Limits for Work Zones • FOT – Variable Speed Limits for Urban Arterials FHWA Office of Safety

7. -- Data IS Key -- All ITS involves Data and Information: • Collection • Archiving • Sharing • Analyze • Quality • Sources FHWA Office of Safety

8. FHWA Safety Management -- Data Improvement -- • Analyze fatalities & injuries locations • Find major contributing factors • Promote Countermeasures for Safety • Improve Data Technologies • E.g Automate, ITS, innovative technologies • Provide Funding and Program Assistance for Safety Needs FHWA Office of Safety

9. Safety Management ITS Initiatives • ITS Archive Data User Service (ADUS) • 5 Year – Development Plan • Safety Elements • ITS Enhanced Data Collection For Safety Evaluation • Research • Data Collection from ITS • Evaluation of ITS-related Data FHWA Office of Safety

10. Vision Improve safety decisions through the ITS-generated data.

11. Safety Management ITS - GOAL ITS Enhanced Data Collection (Real-Time ITS Safety Data)Road Section Safety Evaluation SAFETY LEVEL (Near-Time) ADUS (Historical Trends Data or And Data Sharing) (Predicted) FHWA Office of Safety

12. Safety Management ITS - Objectives • Enhance Advance Safety Info. for Road Users and Traffic Managers - Safer Trip and Route Decisions & Info. • Supplement Traffic Level Predictions - Safety Level may Pre-Warn of congestion • Realize Safety uses for ITS Equipment and Data FHWA Office of Safety

13. Characterizing Safety Level Hi Crash Likelihood Traffic Instability Crash Potential Baseline (Normal) Low Real Time FHWA Office of Safety

14. Near Real-time & Predicted Conditions For ROAD SEGMENTS Traffic Flow Levels AND Safety Levels FHWA Office of Safety

15. Crash Potential Traffic Instability Conceptual Model: Contributing Factors • Geometry • Road Surface • Site Distance Roadway • Traffic Volume • Speeds • Headway • TCD’s Traffic Operational • Weather • Lighting • Time-of-Day Environmental • Braking Capability • Maneuverability Vehicle • Age • Attention/Distraction • Driving Style Driver FHWA Office of Safety

16. Safety Level Evaluation of ADUS & Real-Time Data Develop Automated Evaluation Systems that Consider ITS-collected and ITS analyzed data: - Traffic Conflicts - Weather - Road Conditions - Vehicle Mix - Crashes - Speeds - Road Design - Etc. FHWA Office of Safety

17. ADUS in ITS Architecture / Plan (added 1999) Archived Data Management Systems (ADMS) • ITS Data Standards (currently by ASTM) • Advanced data archiving (ITS as data resource • Integrated data archiving • Across ITS applications • Information synergy • For safety operations and planning • Comparing, forecasting, strategizing FHWA Office of Safety

18. 5-year ITS ADUS Program • TECHNICAL • ISSUES Research Self Describing Datasets Meta-Data, XML Research :Data Extraction and Archiving of Non Textual ITS Info. (Vidio, Audio, Remote Sensing) Emerging ITS Technology Survey I.T. Knowledge Survey Quantify Costs of ADUS Imp. Market Packages Storage Technologies X-Cutting Studies Innovative uses of ADUS Data ADUS with Traditional Data Source Comparison Rural/Statewide Technical Synthesis Studies Data Quality/Repair, Data Aggregation, Data Storage... Freight Research Benefits/Impacts of ADUS Implementations Safety MPO State of Practice Transit Research Emergent Uses of ADUS Data Roadway/Traffic State of Practice & Legacy Sys. Reviews Institutional Issues Synthesis Studies Ownership, Privacy, Integrity/liability INSTITUTIAL/ ORGANIZATIONAL ISSUES Research ADUS within Enterprise Systems Examine Federal Reporting Systems for ADUS Potential Research Private Sector ISPs and ADUS Issues/Hurdles Examine Other Gov’t. Reporting Systems for ADUS Potential Track ADUS in ITS Earmarks and other Federal $ Projects DEPLOYMENT/ INTEGRATED SYSTEMS Earmark Eval. & ADUS “Piggyback” efforts (2-3) Leveraged With Other Projects Pilots/ Field Operational Tests For Integrated Archiving Systems Federal Reporting Systems Policy / Regulation Modification Federal Reporting Systems TEST Cases on Use Of ADUS Inputs Federal Reporting Systems Changes to Accept ADUS Inputs ADUS Added To Architecture ADUS Within Regional Arch. Pilots/Case Studies STANDARDS/ ARCHITECTURE ADUS Coordination and Input to Standards Activities ADUS Standards Development/Support (Meta-data) Program Plan for ADUS Standards ADUS Standards To Support Gov’t Reporting ITS Earmark Evaluations & “Piggyback” Efforts & Case Studies (What was learned) ADUS Program Input & Development/Outreach TRB 2000, ITE, ITSA Guidance Integrated Databases Multiple Sources INTEGRATION Awareness & Technical Assistance Guidance Single Source Data Management State-Of-Practice Early Implementation Case Studies, Examples Guidance Benefits/Costs of ADUS Case Studies Development ADUS Training Architecture, Technical and Institutional Provide ADUS Training Management, Operations, Advanced Applications Priority Activities ADUS Awareness Federal Field Offices Activities Initiated ADUS Awareness & Outreach to Transportation Community State & Local (AMPO, AASHTO, ITE, NACCO, etc. ) Continued Effort Wave I Wave II Wave III FY 1999 FY 2004

19. ITS Enhanced Data Collection for Safety Evaluation • Research – To Define • Needed Real-Time ITS Data (Raw, Calc, Surrogates) • ITS Equipment Needed to collect Safety Data • Evaluation Needs and Analysis Tools • FOT (an early use tool) • FY 05 • FOT – Provide Safety Level on Road Sections FHWA Office of Safety

20. Improving Highway Safety With ITS Data • Maximize the safety potential of ITS installations by collecting, saving, sharing, and analyzing the needed safety data • Maximize the use of ITS-collected Data that can improve Safety TO REDUCE CRASHES in the future FHWA Office of Safety

21. ITS Safety Contact Larry Brown Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) Office of Safety Washington, DC 202-366-2214 Larry.J.Brown@FHWA.DOT.GOV FHWA Office of Safety