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Chapter 5-1 Genetics

Chapter 5-1 Genetics. Heredity. is the passing of traits from the parents to the offspring and is controlled by genes. So, what is genetics?. Genetics is the study of how traits are inherited through the actions of genes. What are genes?. Made of segments of DNA

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Chapter 5-1 Genetics

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  1. Chapter 5-1 Genetics

  2. Heredity is the passing of traits from the parents to the offspring and is controlled by genes

  3. So, what is genetics? Genetics is the study of how traits are inherited through the actions of genes.

  4. What are genes? • Made of segments of DNA • Control the traits of an organism • Found on the chromosomes • Have different forms called alleles

  5. Genes determine the traits of the organisms

  6. Genes • An organism with the same two genes for a trait-homozygous/purebred. • An organism with two different genes for trait-heterozygous/hybrid.

  7. What are alleles? Alleles are the different forms that a gene can have for a trait.

  8. Therefore: • An organism’s genetic makeup is it’s genotype. • An organism’s physical makeup is it’s phenotype.

  9. Gregor MendelFather of Genetics

  10. Gregor Mendel • Born in 1822 in Austria and lived in Europe. • Was a monk who studied mathematics and science. • Determined the basic laws of Genetics.

  11. Mendel’s Garden • As a boy, he worked in his father’s orchard and became interested in plants • He experimented with peas.

  12. Gregor Mendel Called the form of a trait that appears to dominate or mask another form of the same trait dominant.

  13. Gregor Mendel Called the weak form of a trait that is prevented from showing up by a dominant trait recessive.

  14. Probability The branch of mathematics that helps you predict the chance something will happen is called probability

  15. Punnett Square The tool used to predict the probability of certain traits in offspring that show the different ways genes can combine.

  16. Punnett Square Dominant gene is Upper case letter =G Recessive gene is Lower case letter =g

  17. G G Gg g Gg g Gg Gg Punnett Square

  18. Thank You

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