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Police in America. Chapter Three The Contemporary Law Enforcement Industry. Basic Features. Local control Fragmented City County State Federal 18,000 federal, state, and local agencies. Employment by state and local law enforcement. Sworn versus total number of employees
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Police in America Chapter Three The Contemporary Law Enforcement Industry
Basic Features • Local control • Fragmented • City • County • State • Federal • 18,000 federal, state, and local agencies
Sworn versus total number of employees Civilianization Police population ratio Officers per 1,000 population Cost Labor Municipal police 72% of all law enforcement officers County Sheriff Law enforcement Courts Corrections State State police-full service Highway Patrol Private Security Over 2,000,000 people employed Law enforcement personnel data
Fragmentation • Lack of coordination between agencies • Crime displacement • Duplication of services • Inconsistent standards • Alternative • Consolidation • Contracting
Minimum Standards • No national police system • U.S. Supreme Court • Based on the Constitution • State Government • Licensing or certification • Accreditation