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Police in America

Police in America. Chapter Seven Patrol: The Backbone of Policing. Patrol: The Backbone of Policing. Function of Patrol Crime prevention Maintain feelings of public safety Available for service. Patrol: The Backbone of Policing. Organization and Delivery of Patrol

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Police in America

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  1. Police in America

    Chapter Seven Patrol: The Backbone of Policing
  2. Patrol: The Backbone of Policing
  3. Function of Patrol Crime prevention Maintain feelings of public safety Available for service Patrol: The Backbone of Policing
  4. Organization and Delivery of Patrol Number of Officers Distribution of Officers Assignments Location – Hot Spots Patrol: Delivery of Police Services
  5. Police-Population Ratio Large Departments – 2.6/1,000 population Missouri - ? Patrol: The Number of Officers
  6. Patrol: The Number of Officers
  7. Patrol: The Number of Officers
  8. Assigned to Patrol – 50 - 80% Small communities Larger communities Patrol: Officers Assigned to Patrol
  9. Put officers: Where they are needed When they are needed Poor parts of town Usually more crime Patrol: Distribution of Officers
  10. Frequent vs. Infrequent Rotation of Shifts/Beats Corruption Measure Familiarity “is deleterious to the physical and psychological health of the individual and to the well being of the organization.” Patrol: Distribution of Officers
  11. Crime is not committed randomly Officers should not be placed randomly When do you need them? Where do you need them? Patrol: Hot Spots
  12. Types of Patrol How effective are these? Patrol Foot Auto Motorcycle Bicycle
  13. Foot Patrol Flagstaff, Arizona P.D.
  14. Bicycle Patrol Pennsylvania Capital Police Bike Patrol
  15. Motorcycle Patrol Maumee Police Department Maumee, Ohio
  16. Automobile Patrol Carbon E7
  17. Patrol Car(Carbon E7) BMW inline-6 turbo-diesel rear wheel drive Six-speed automatic transmission Performance 0-60 mph 6.5 secs Quarter Mile 4.5 secs@98 mph Top Speed 155 mph Fuel Economy 28-30 mpg
  18. Patrol Car(Carbon E7) Durability 250,000 mile75 mph rear impact crash Cockpit - fitted law enforcement equipment ballistic protection (front doors and dash panel) Reverse backup camera 360 degree surveillance License plate recognitionNight vision interior Infrared system
  19. Some of you had doubts as to the accuracy of the speed of the Carbon E7. It would help if I had placed a 1 in front of the time of 4.5, making it 14.5 seconds. The E7 looks very competitive with the Caprice, Charger and Ford police packages. Rumor has it that the Carbon E7 may cost around $80,000. Don’t worry about the “worst” of these cars, it hasn’t been produced since 2008.
  20. I might even ask several questions concerning this vehicle to see who is looking at it. Carbon E7
  21. TWO OFFICER CARS?
  22. One person patrol units – 89% Efficient 2X More Area 2X Calls One person Less resisting arrest / Assaulted less / More arrests / More crime reports One Person Patrol Units
  23. Types of Patrol: Advantages vs. Disadvantages
  24. Dispatched Activity Based upon call to the P.D. Officer-Initiated Activity Based upon officer’s initiative Style of Patrol - Individual
  25. Watchman Style Emphasis on Order maintenance Ignore “little stuff” Tough on crime Officer is given great latitude Style of Patrol – Organizational (James Q. Wilson)
  26. Legalistic Style Emphasis on law enforcement More traffic tickets Juvenile taken into custody Use little things to find bigger things Style of Patrol – Organizational (James Q. Wilson)
  27. Service Style Often informal intervention Deal with a broad array of problems Community relations and public education are important Style of Patrol – Organizational (James Q. Wilson)
  28. Kansas City Preventative Patrol Experiment Controversial results Challenged traditional assumptions about patrol Newark Foot Patrol Experiment Crime Citizen attitudes Kansas City Response Time Study Effectiveness of Patrol
  29. Kansas City Response Time Study 80-90% reported too slowly to help Discovery/Reporting – Victim controlled Processing – Dispatcher controlled Travel – Officer controlled Usually you’re already too late Reporting Time Discovery Time Processing Time Travel time Effectiveness of Patrol At-scene Time
  30. Improving Patrol Differential Response to calls (Immediate/delay/none) Telephone Reporting Units (Reports over the phone) 311 Nonemergency Numbers (Reduces patrol work) Non-English 911 Call Services Reverse 911 Computers and Video Cameras Police Aids or Cadets Directed Patrol (Go where the crime is to patrol) Effectiveness of Patrol
  31. The Communications Center Modern Communications Technology Information Processing Prioritizing Calls Operators Dispatchers 911 Systems
  32. Only ½ of all calls to 911 result in a dispatch Operators ask questions of callers Operators assess situation Operators decide how many and which officers to dispatch Patrol officers responding to calls experience great uncertainty 911 System
  33. Police Research Historical Context Calls for Service Systematic Study of Police Patrol Response Time
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