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AARNet’s Australian Network

AARNet’s Australian Network. Positioning Australia in a Global Gigabit Research Network Environment. What’s different about AARNet? Australia’s Academic and Research Network. Has been a user-pays network since inception in 1989

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AARNet’s Australian Network

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  1. AARNet’s Australian Network Positioning Australia in a Global Gigabit Research Network Environment

  2. What’s different about AARNet?Australia’s Academic and Research Network • Has been a user-pays network since inception in 1989 • Until mid 1995 provided all internet access in Australia (including to ISPs) • In mid-1995 sold its commercial customer base to Telstra (Australia’s dominant carrier) – used proceeds to develop ATM-based network • In 1998 became a not-for-profit company limited by shares, shareholders are 37 Australian universities and the CSIRO • In 1999 started to roll out a national VoIP service – now switching 30,000 calls per day • In 2000 became a licenced carrier in Australia (number 61) • In 2001 acquired an IRU between Australia and the US (155Mbps) • In 2002 started to develop non-traditional alliances with power utilities to gain access to regional fibre • 2003 was a big year (more later)

  3. Key Strategic Relationships • with Powerlink (North Queensland) and TransGrid (NSW) – power utility companies that provided fibre to regional areas – resulted in gigabit capacity where not previously economically feasible • with Australian Government and the Australian Research and Education Network Initiative (AREN) – provided funding to catalyse key regional initiatives • with Southern Cross on SXTransPORT (more later) • with Leightons (construdtion company) – 2 fibre pairs across Australia as basis for AARNet3 and regional gigabit connectivity (eg to remote telescopes) • with AUSAID (Australian Aid Agency) to provide a connection from the Fiji Campus of the University of the South Pacific to AARNet and global R&E networks • with Procket providing high capacity core routing for new network

  4. Gigabit capacity within Australia – challenges and solutions • Poor response to request to carriers to make dark fibre available • Solution: use AARNet’s carrier licence to carry out civil works to lay our own fibre • Only needed to do once in any area (Canberra) after this some enough players willing to sell/lease dark fibre • Poor response from traditional carriers for high capacity connectivity to regional areas • Solution: form strategic alliances with power utilities for mutual benefit • Now have affordable gigabit capacity in North Queensland and inland NSW • Tasmania, an island state south of Melbourne, monopoly carrier, no affordable high capacity option • Solution: form strategic alliance with State govt, gas pipeline group to deploy alternative undersea cable capacity

  5. Grasp the rare opportunities - NextGen • Both of the two new fibre build initiatives in Australia went into receivership in 2003 • One of these (NextGen) had a footprint of fibre that was of great interest to AARNet’s clients (the universities, research bodies, especially the astronomers) • AARNet made a bid in its own right initially, but ended up partnering with the construction company that built the network (Leightons) • Concluded agreement on Christmas eve after a 5 months process • Provides 2 fibre pairs Australia wide (Brisbane to Perth) • 1st pair lit as 10 Gbps for inter-capital trunks • 2nd pair equipped by APL as regional fibre loops • Access to Space in all capital city central offices and controlled environment vaults (huts) along the routes

  6. Overview - 10Gbps Backbone • Two fibre pairs on each path • STM-64 (OC192) service provided on first pair for inter capital trunks • Second pair to be lit by APL to allow Gigabit Ethernet drop off to regional members • Member must provide tail to the regional network

  7. Overview - Equipment • Core Router • Procket Networks PRO/8812 • 40Gbps capable • Packet over SDH to STM-64 • Gigabit and 10 Gigabit Ethernet • Core Switch • Cisco Systems Catalyst 6509-NEB-A with Sup720 • Pure L2 switching • Fast, Gigabit and 10 Gigabit Ethernet only • Member Edge and POP based “Legacy” routers • Cisco Systems 7304 with NPE-G100 • 3 x Gigabit Ethernet (Member, POP “A”, POP “B”) • 1 x Fast Ethernet dedicated to flow accounting • Capability to handle legacy (slow) interfaces

  8. Design Issues • Redundancy & Resilience • Support for IPv4 and IPv6 • unicast and multicast • Traffic Accounting and Monitoring • End to end performance measures • Support QoS (diffserv) • Support for large traffic flows, jumbo frames

  9. Redundancy & Resilience • Dual points of presence (POP) in major capital cities • Diverse, dual unprotected national links • Will use MPLS Fast Reroute for protection • Provides ability to burst above protected capacity • Use single metro dark fibre pair to connect intra city POP sites • Creates rings between cities • Provides opportunity for members and customers to build diverse, redundant connections to AARNet

  10. IPv4 and IPv6 • Native IPv4 and IPv6 (Dual Stack) network • Unicast and Multicast for both IPv4 and IPv6 • EFT IPv6 Multicast (initially intra-domain only) • Line rate performance for IPv4 and IPv6 • Peering to both R&E and Commodity Internet • Hexago IPv6 Migration Broker to aid member and client IPv6 deployment • DNS, AARNet Mirror and USENet News accessible over IPv4 and IPv6 • Jumbo frames, 9000 byte

  11. Traffic Accounting and Monitoring • Flow based accounting • Differentiate traffic into classes for billing • Scaling issues require accounting function to be moved to the edge of the network • Use anycast addressing so data supplied to a central collector in an emergency • Centralise reporting to a POP based server • Also provides AARNet with measurement device on network edge to improve performance monitoring

  12. Australian Intercapital Backbone Network

  13. GigaPOPs • Dual Multiple Gigabit Points of Presence (GigaPOPs) in Capital Cities • Brisbane • UQ Prentice Centre & QUT Gardens Point • Sydney • UTS Broadway & Nextgen Rosebery • Canberra • ANU Leonard Huxley & TransACT • Melbourne • UniMelb Law Building & Nextgen West Melbourne • Adelaide • University of Adelaide, 10 Pulteney Street & Hostworks • Perth • CSIRO ARRC & AMNet IX

  14. Connections through the GigaPOPs

  15. Overview - International Links • Add drop offs to existing STM-1/OC3 (155Mbps) • Mixed traffic - R&E and Commodity • University of South Pacific, Fiji • Possibly Auckland, New Zealand • Connects to 155Mbps path to Tokyo from Hawai‘i • Dual STM-4 (622Mbps) • Commodity Internet transit - NTT/Verio and MCI • PAIX Palo Alto (Silicon Valley) • Los Angeles • “SX TransPORT” - Dual STM-64 (10Gbps) • Research and Education (R&E) traffic only - AUP • Hawai‘i - Manoa and Seattle (Abilene, CA*net 4) • Los Angeles (Abilene, CENIC, CUDI) • Look to add Mauna Kea to Los Angeles path later

  16. Dual 155Mbps circuits – regional and Pacific Island connectivity • 4-drop ring (4 unprotected circuits, MPLS, fast failover) • Sydney-Suva (new) • Suva-Oahu (Hawaii) – and then to U Hawaii, Manoa • Oahu-Hillsboro – and then to Pacific Wave, Seattle • Hillsboro-Sydney • AUSAID to provide funding for the University of the South Pacific to contract AARNet to provide connections to AARNet and the global R&E Networks (monopoly carrier issues) • Interconnect at Hawaii with new Hawaii –Tokyo link • USPNet to other Pacific Islands to be upgraded later • Possible connection of NZ later

  17. Dual 155Mbps circuits – regional and Pacific Island connectivity

  18. Dual 622Mbps circuits – commodity traffic Access Commodity Internet in Palo Alto • Connected to the PAIX peering fabric • Obtain transit from MCI and NTT/Verio • Peer with other organisations at PAIX Add second commodity POP in Los Angeles • Need to determine • data centre location • backhaul from Morro Bay (San Luis Obispo) • transit providers, at least one in common with Palo Alto site

  19. Dual 622Mbps circuits – commodity traffic

  20. Dual 10Gbps circuits – SXTransPORTTrans Pacific Optical Research Testbed • Major new partnership announced between AARNet and Southern Cross Cable Network (SX) on 11 December 2003 • Support from Australian Government • Dual 10Gbps circuits between Australia and US West Coast • Activation mid-2004, Initial term 5 years, option for 5-year term • AUP applies similar to Abilene • Advisory Board to be set up with reps expected from SX, AARNet, global research interests • Will provide affordable high throughput access allowing Australia to effectively participate in global e-science initiatives • Will strengthen case for locating unique research facilities in Australia, eg Square Kilometre Array

  21. SXTransPORT and Hawaii in the Pacific

  22. Dual 10Gbps circuits – SXTransPORTAustralia Connections • Southern Cross Configuration • First circuit • Sydney - Oahu - Hillsboro, Oregon • Second circuit • Sydney – San Luis Obispo, California • In Australia, each circuit will be linked to a different AARNet PoP in Sydney • AARNet PoPs will be linked together as well as to AARNet3’s 10Gbps backbone infrastructure in Australia

  23. Dual 10Gbps circuits – SXTransPORTU.S. Connections • First circuit: Sydney - Oahu - Hillsboro, Oregon • Oahu connection to Hawaii GigaPoP at University of Hawaii, Honolulu • Oregon connection to Pacific Wave in Seattle via NLR from Portland • Second circuit: Sydney – San Luis Obispo, California • Initial peering via CalREN-2 at Cal Poly SLO? • Moving to LA-based peering via NLR • Planning for new connection on Big Island of Hawaii to include Mauna Kea Observatories

  24. International Points Of Presence • Existing • University of Hawai‘i, Manoa, Oahu • Pacific Wave, Westin Building, Seattle • PAIX, Palo Alto • Planned • Los Angeles (exact location yet to be determined) • University of the South Pacific, Suva, Fiji • Possible • Auckland • Singapore • Tokyo

  25. Support Services • DNS Cache and Secondary Servers • Usenet News • Hexago IPv6 Migration Broker • DDoS Detection and Mitigation • Investigate appliances • Interest in automatic detection and filtering • Locate next to transit (and peering) links • AARNet Mirror • VoIP Gateways • NLANR and/or RIPE Test Traffic Measurement

  26. Indicative timeframe to June 2004 – initial phase • Build PAIX Palo Alto POP – Done (Feb 04) • 1st Commodity link - PAIX to UTS – Done (Feb 04) • Intra Sydney link - March 04 • 1st Melbourne-Sydney link - March 04 • Canberra-Sydney link - April 04 • 1st Brisbane-Sydney link - May 04 • 1st Melbourne-Adelaide-Perth link - May 04 • 1st “SX TransPORT” connection (Seattle) - June 04 • 2nd Commodity link - LA to SYD #2 - June 04

  27. AARNET’s International Connections

  28. QUESTNet 2004 and 18th APAN meeting 2-7 July 2004 Cairns Australia

  29. QUESTNet 2004 and 18th APAN meeting 2-7 July 2004 Cairns Australia

  30. www.aarnet.edu.au

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