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Anatomy-Skeletal System

Anatomy-Skeletal System. Classification of Bones. Anatomy-Skeletal System Bell Work. Grab your notes for the day on the front table Grab your supply boxes & white boards On your white boards, discuss in your groups how you think bones are classified and give examples.

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Anatomy-Skeletal System

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  1. Anatomy-Skeletal System Classification of Bones

  2. Anatomy-Skeletal SystemBell Work • Grab your notes for the day on the front table • Grab your supply boxes & white boards • On your white boards, discuss in your groups how you think bones are classified and give examples

  3. Anatomy-Skeletal SystemObjectives • Students will be able to: • Define terms that are used to classify bones. • Identify the characteristics of bone. • Identify the function of bone. • Identify the classification of bones. • Label the parts of long bones.

  4. Anatomy-Skeletal SystemTerminology • Metabolism • Chemical reactions that occur in living organisms to maintain life • Bone marrow • Flexible tissue found in the hollow interior of bones

  5. Anatomy-Skeletal SystemClassification of Bones-Characteristics • Bone tissue is very active material that is continually being broken down and re-constructed • Responds to use and disuse • Physical activity places stress on the bone causing it to thicken & strengthen (hypertrophy) • Lack of physical activity causes bone to become thinner & weaker (atrophy)

  6. Anatomy-Skeletal SystemClassification of Bones-Characteristics • Bone tissue is very active material • Produce blood cells & store minerals • Compact Bone-hard outer layer of bone (very strong) • Spongy (Cancellous) Bone-inside of the compact bone

  7. Anatomy-Skeletal SystemClassification of Bones-Function • Support • Gives form and shape for body structures • Head, face, thorax, limbs • Supports softer underlying tissues • Supports weight of the body

  8. Anatomy-Skeletal SystemClassification of Bones-Function • Protection • Skull protects eyes, ears, brain • Ribs protect heart, lungs, liver, stomach, spleen, kidneys • Pelvic girdle protects internal reproductive organs, urinary bladder • Vertebral column protects spinal cord

  9. Anatomy-Skeletal SystemClassification of Bones-Function • Movement • Bone serves as a point of attachment for muscles making movement possible • Bones & muscles function together as levers

  10. Anatomy-Skeletal SystemClassification of Bones-Function • Supply • Stores minerals • Calcium (Ca) • Blood clot formation • Nerve function • Muscle function • Metabolic processes • Bone strength • Phosphorus (P) • Metabolic processes • Bone marrow makes blood cells

  11. Anatomy-Skeletal SystemClassification of Bones-Shape • Long Bones • Longer than they are wide • Expanded ends • Humerus, radius, ulna • Femur, tibia, fibula • Metacarpals • Metatarsals • Phalanges

  12. Anatomy-Skeletal SystemClassification of Bones-Shape • Short Bones • Cube shaped • Carpals • Tarsals

  13. Anatomy-Skeletal SystemClassification of Bones-Shape • Flat Bones • Broad, thinner, plate like bones • Skull • Scapula • Ilium • Ribs • Sternum

  14. Anatomy-Skeletal SystemClassification of Bones-Shape • Irregular Bones • Vary in shape & size • Vertebrae • Sacrum • Coccyx • Zygomatic • Mandible • Maxilla

  15. Anatomy-Skeletal SystemClassification of Bones-Shape • Sesamoid Bones • Bone imbedded in a tendon • Protect tendon • Increase mechanical effect • Patella • 1st MT joint

  16. Anatomy-Skeletal SystemClassification of Bones-Long Bones • Epiphysis • Expanded ends of long bones • Outer layer of compact bone • Internal bone made up of cancellous (spongy) bone • New cartilage made • Red marrow

  17. Anatomy-Skeletal SystemClassification of Bones-Long Bones • Articular cartilage • Hyaline cartilage • Covers epiphysis • Articulates with adjacent bone • Smooth & slippery • Milk glass • Cushion • Poor blood supply

  18. Anatomy-Skeletal SystemClassification of Bones-Long Bones • Epiphyseal Plate (Growth Plate) • Layer of cartilage • Where cartilage turns to bone • Causes bone to grow in length

  19. Anatomy-Skeletal SystemClassification of Bones-Long Bones • Diaphysis • Shaft of the bone • Compact bone surrounding a hollow cavity • Medullary Cavity • Yellow bone marrow • Fat

  20. Anatomy-Skeletal SystemClassification of Bones-Long Bones • Periosteum • Tough, strong membrane that covers the bone • Does not cover the articular cartilage • Rich blood supply

  21. Anatomy-Skeletal SystemClassification of Bones-Long Bones Diaphysis Epiphysis Epiphysis Spongy Bone Spongy Bone Articular Cartilage Medullary Cavity Compact Bone Epiphyseal Plate

  22. Closure • Grab a ½ sheet of paper and on your own… • Describe how the bone responds to use and disuse • list the 4 functions of bones • List the 5 categories for classifying bone and give 1 example of each • The hard outer layer of bone that is very strong is called_______ • The inside of the bone that fills the cavity is called______

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