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UNIT 2 (1877-1917)

UNIT 2 (1877-1917). BRIDGE TO THE 20 TH CENTURY. CHAPTER 5. CHANGES ON THE WESTERN FRONTIER. SECTION 1. CULTURE CLASH ON THE PRAIRIE. MAIN THEME:. THE PURSUIT OF ECONOMIC OPPURTUNITY LEADS SETTLERS TO

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UNIT 2 (1877-1917)

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  1. UNIT 2 (1877-1917) BRIDGE TO THE 20TH CENTURY

  2. CHAPTER 5 CHANGES ON THE WESTERN FRONTIER

  3. SECTION 1 CULTURE CLASH ON THE PRAIRIE

  4. MAIN THEME: THE PURSUIT OF ECONOMIC OPPURTUNITY LEADS SETTLERS TO PUSH WESTWARD, FORCING CONFRONTATION WITH ESTABLISHED NATIVE AMERICAN CULTURES

  5. EASTERN PLAINS OSAGE IOWA AGRICULTURAL VILLAGES

  6. TIPIS WIGWAMS

  7. WESTERN PLAINS SIOUX CHEYENNE NOMADIC TRIBES HUNTED GATHERED

  8. SIOX CHIEF – RED CLOUD

  9. THE IMPORTANCE OF THE HORSE AND BUFFALO SPANISH BROUGHT HORSES HORSE INCREASED… HUNTING AREAS TRIBAL CONFLICTS

  10. BUFFALO PROVIDED MANY NEEDS FOOD SHELTER CLOTHES TOOLS TOYS FUEL

  11. BUFFALO JUMPS OR BUFFALO KILLS

  12. NUMBER AND LOCATION OF BUFFALO

  13. NATIVE AMERICAN FAMILY LIFE SMALL EXTENDED FAMILIES COMMUNAL LIVING CHIEFS RULED BY POPULAR SUPPORT BELIEF IN CONTROLLING SPIRITS MEDICINE MEN / SHAMANS

  14. REASONS WHYSETTLERSPUSHED WESTAFTER THECIVIL WAR

  15. #1 GOLD AND SILVER CALIFORNIA (1849) COLORADO NORTH DAKOTA ALASKA

  16. #2 DESIRE FOR LAND HOMESTEAD ACT (1862) 160 ACRES FREE (STAY FOR 5 YEARS) 400,000 FAMILIES BY 1900

  17. #3 INDUSTRIAL EXPANSION PACIFIC RAILROAD ACT (1862) LOANS/LAND TO R.R. TRANSCONTINENTAL RR LAND OFTEN SOLD TO INDIVIDUALS

  18. Promontory, Utah, May 10, 1869.

  19. U.S. GOVERNMENT RESTRICTIONSON NATIVE AMERICANS 1834 GREAT PLAINS A RESERVATION WHITE MIGRATION GOES WEST TRIBES ASSIGNED TO SPECIFIC AREAS

  20. CONFLICT INTENSIFIES BATTLES & MASSACRE BLACK HILLS “CUSTER’S LAST STAND” DAWES ACT ASSIMILATION “AMERICANIZATION” GHOST DANCE MOVEMENT BATTLE OF WOUNDED KNEE 1890

  21. Cattle Becomes Big Business LONGHORN CATTLE INTRODUCED BY SPANISH REPLACED BUFFALO THE FIRST “COWBOYS” WERE SPAN. / MEX.

  22. THE GROWTH OF THE CATTLE INDUSTRY DEMAND FOR BEEF INCREASED POST CIVIL WAR URBAN AREAS RAILROADS LINKED PLAINS TO CITIES STOCKYARDS DEVELOPED ABILENE, KANSAS

  23. THE TRUTH ABOUT COWBOYS • 50-60,000 “COWBOYS” • MOSTLY YOUNG MEN • 25% WERE NON-WHITE • 10-18 HOURS PER DAY • WORKED 2-3 SEASONS • DULL DAILY ROUTINE

  24. A COWBOY’S SEASON SPRING STARTS = ROUND-UP BRANDING THE LONG DRIVE (CHISHOLM TRAIL) 3 MONTHS WINTER LAID-OFF/ODD JOBS

  25. THE END OF THE CATTLE FRONTIER • OVERGRAZING BY CATTLE • RANGE WARS • WITH EACH OTHER, FARMERS, SHEEP HERDERS • HARSH WEATHER • BLIZZARDS (1887) • THE OPEN RANGE ENDS • NEW HIGH QUALITY CATTLE USED • HAY / FEED FARMING • BARBED WIRE DEVELOPED

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