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Conference of European Statisticians Session 1- The Demographic Impact of Migration

Conference of European Statisticians Session 1- The Demographic Impact of Migration Paris, 12 June 2008 Migration statistics: conceptualisation and measurement in the European Union Submitted by STATISTICS AUSTRIA Stephan Marik-Lebeck. www.statistik.at. CONTENTS. Introduction

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Conference of European Statisticians Session 1- The Demographic Impact of Migration

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  1. Conference of European Statisticians Session 1- The Demographic Impact of Migration Paris, 12 June 2008 Migration statistics: conceptualisation and measurement in the European Union Submitted by STATISTICS AUSTRIA Stephan Marik-Lebeck www.statistik.at

  2. CONTENTS • Introduction • Definitions of duration for residents and migration • Methodological approaches in migration statistics • Data sources for migration statistics in EU-Member States • Measurement concepts of international migration in EU-Member States • Conclusion

  3. Data sources and statistical procedures of migration statistics in EU Member States

  4. Introduction • definitions for the measurement of migration flows and population stocks vary greatly among EU-Member States • differences mostly reflect national administrative procedures • different rules for nationals, EEA citizens and third-country nationals • reflect distinct legal situation • Length of validity of permits determines timing applied to migration statistics for third-country nationals and to a lesser degree also EEA citizens • while for the immigration of non-nationals most MS use a timing of twelve months, nationals are often are registered instantly. • The situation for emigration is not exactly symmetric. • many Member States opt for an absence of twelve months minimum to count a person as an emigrant.

  5. Methodological approaches in migration statistics EU countries define different time-spans to count migration flows • UN recommendations (1998) on the measurement of migration distinguish three main categories: • Long-term migrants (actual / intended) length of stay > 12 months • Short-term migrants (actual / intended) length of stay 3-12 months • Temporary stayers (actual / intended) length of stay < 3 months • For purposes of migration statistics the recording of the first two categories is recommended • but focus on long-term migrants

  6. Actual length of stay between registration and de-registration Intended length of stay Statistical Adjustments unchanged administrative Data DATA SOURCES FOR MIGRATION MEASUREMENT IN EU-COUNTRIES • Migration statisticsin EU-Member States available through two main sources: • surveys (e.g. LFS; International Passenger Survey,…) or • administrative registration systems. • 2/3 of EU-Member States have already implemented registration systems, but use them in very diverse ways

  7. ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES OF DIFFERENT TIME SPANS FOR MEASURING MIGRATION Three Months (= including Short-Term-Migration): + Concordance with legal framework • free movement of EU citizens limited to three months w/o obligation to register • Validity of tourism visas to EU limited to 90 days Persons staying longer need to register / residence permit + Greater Timeliness and more rapid Availability of Data Less need for estimations to comply with EU regulation • Limited impact of Short-Term-migration in relation to Long-Term-Migration BUT large difference in migration flows (AT ~ 30%) through increase of circular / seasonal migration, i.e. since 2004 EU enlargement • - Currently no consistency with administrative systems in majority of countries • BUT gradual harmonisation of legal framework might increase consistency

  8. CURRENT PREFERENCES OF MIGRATION MEASUREMENT IN EU-COUNTRIES • limited comparability of migration statistics between countries • difficulty of determining migration flows between EU-countries • In addition, this may well contrast with definitions for measurement of population stocks • little harmonisation of migration flows and population stocks • difficulty in creating a consistent population accounting system  in which the population change between two dates of reference can be unambiguously explained through demographic components(births  deaths, immigration  emigration)

  9. International Migration in Austria 2003-2006 by different time spans

  10. International Migration in Austria 2003/2006 by different time spans

  11. OPEN POINTS Problems related to the proposals of the EU- regulation • Statistics according to national definitions may differ significantly from those according to the EU-regulation • national statistics are usually based on administrative systems whose legal base is not designed to the needs of statistics and cannot easily be adjusted for coherence with the regulation  publication of two different figures on international migration likely • no consideration of short-term migration • Focus on long-term migration brings about methodological difficulties for the allocation of the population on regional level • esp. for multiple internal migrations during reference year

  12. Social Statistics and Ethnic Diversity Should we count, how should we count and why? Montréal 6-8 December 2007 Migration statistics: conceptualisation and measurement in the European Union Submitted by STATISTICS AUSTRIA Stephan Marik-Lebeck www.statistik.at

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