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Osmoregulation & Excretory system

This article discusses the osmoregulation and excretory system in various organisms, including the nitrogenous waste products, different excretory organs, the urinary system in humans, and common diseases. It also explains the role of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in fluid homeostasis.

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Osmoregulation & Excretory system

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  1. Osmoregulation & Excretory system Morgan Good

  2. Nitrogenous waste * Amino Acids- broken down becomes fats/carbohydrates * Ammonia- formed when amino group removed. -excreted by fish & other aquatic animals * Uric Acid- excreted by insects, reptiles & birds -not very toxic

  3. Urea Cycle *Carrier molecules- take up CO2 & NH4, releasing urea.

  4. Aquatic vs. Terrestrial Osmoregulation

  5. Excretory organs-invertebrates * Planarians- two branching strands -open to the outside of body -Flame cell- have beating cilia -push fluid through

  6. Excretory organs-invertebrates * Earthworms- each segment has two nephridia -tube with ciliated opening -cilia push fluid through

  7. Excretory organs-invertebrates * Insects-have Malpighian -long thin tubules attached to gut *Uric acid is transported into Malpighian

  8. Excretory organs-invertebrates * Crustaceans- nitrogenous waste removed by diffusion -have excretory organs called green glands * Shrimp & pill bugs- have maxillary glands * Arachnids- have coxal glands -located on apendages Green Gland Maxillary Gland Coxal Gland

  9. Urinary System-Humans * Important parts -Kidneys, ureter, urinary bladder, & urethra * Kidney- reddish-brown, bean shaped, fist sized -Located on either side of vertebral column -Still partially protected by ribcage *Ureter- duct that takes urine from kidney to bladder * Urinary Bladder- stores urine * Urethra- tube that excretes urine.

  10. Kidney * Three major parts: The renal cortex, the renal medulla & the renal pelvis * Renal cortex-outside of kidney * Renal medulla- 6-10 cone-shaped renal pyramids -lie on inner side of renal cortex * Renal pelvis- hollow chamber http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mXfvLmJ40HA

  11. Kidney

  12. Kidney Structure

  13. Nephron * Basic unit of kidney -over 1 million per kidney * Removes waste & water * Each nephron has it’s own blood supply * Primarily in renal cortex but some go down to renal medulla http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vEXx5YLcGmQ

  14. Diseases * Kidney stones- can fill whole renal pelvis, causing much pain when passed * Gout- accumulation of more than normal levels of uric acid. Causes pain & deformation * Nephritis- Damages & closes the microscopic filters in the kidney Kidney Stones

  15. Renin-angiotensis-aldosterone * Regulates: sodium, fluid, blood pressure -secretes renin * Plasma Gobulin  angiotensin aldosterone -angiotensin: poylpeptides control arterial pressure -aldosterone: steroid controls salt & water

  16. Renin-angiotensis-aldosterone system

  17. Websites http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/renin-angiotensin-aldosterone+system http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/angiotensin http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/aldosterone http://physicianjobster.com/internist/endocrinologist-internist/renin-angiotensin-aldosteron-system-diagram-in-fluid-homeostasis/ http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/nephron http://www.caring4urology.com/go/urology/basics/kidney-illustration.htm http://legacy.owensboro.kctcs.edu/gcaplan/anat2/notes/APIINotes3%20urinary%20anatomy.htm http://biology.clc.uc.edu/Courses/bio105/kidney.htm http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vEXx5YLcGmQ http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mXfvLmJ40HA http://kidneystonespictures.com/painful-kidney-stones.jpg http://images.paraorkut.com/img/health/images/g/gout-39.jpg http://www.sciencedaily.com/articles/e/excretory_system.htm http://biology.clc.uc.edu/Courses/bio105/kidney.htm

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