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Teaching

Teaching. “Those who can... Teach”. Learning. Learning involves effort. There will be no effort without interest and motivation. – E. Johnson Students will learn if they are interested , if there is an incentive to learn, and if they can see a reason for learning. boring teacher.

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Teaching

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  1. Teaching “Those who can... Teach”

  2. Learning • Learning involves effort. There will be no effort without interest and motivation. – E. Johnson • Students will learn if they are interested, if there is an incentive to learn, and if they can see a reason for learning. • boring teacher

  3. Food For Thought • What is teaching? • What is a teacher? • What makes a teacher a teacher? • letter to a teacher

  4. Basic Principles

  5. Teaching is not an exact science; it is an art. The methods you use will vary according to the age-range, type of students, and disabilities of your students. • One basic principle that does not change though, is thorough knowledge of your subject-matter. Combine your knowledge of the subject-matter with the following principles...

  6. Have a clear aim • Before planning a series of lessons a teacher must ask the question: What do I want to achieve in these lessons? • If you have a clear aim you know what to teach and how to teach it. • Which is more clear? • The Aids pandemic in Africa • Lack of Education and the reduced role of women in African society has lead to an Aids pandemic on the continent

  7. Plan and Prepare • Well planned lessons and the preparation of materials will help to make your teaching effective. • severe case of stage fright • Stage fright can be overcome by a sound knowledge of what you are going to teach, gained through planning and preparation.

  8. 3. Evoke Interest • As the teacher you must lead your class through 3 stages of learning: • To want to learn • To learn • To understand • The following suggestions will help you evoke interest.

  9. Use realism Stimulate Curiosity • Living, everyday illustrations are likely to be more interesting than theory. Example: • When I press the lever the weight is raised easily. VS • Press the leaver, Mary. Watch the weight. What is happening? Tom? … Why? • Students remember facts far better when they find the answer for themselves. They will understand the facts and their significance this way.

  10. Introduce variety Encourage learning • Boredom is the worst enemy of a teacher. • Try to introduce new or different ways to present your material • Be encouraging • Allow for success early • A student who is learning feels a sense of pride and achievement. If they know you are pleased with their efforts, they are keen to learn more.

  11. Keep the class active Be enthusiastic • Students love to try whatever they are shown. • Students become bored if they have nothing to do but listen to a teacher. • “Enthusiasm is infectious” • If the teacher is enthusiastic the students are more likely to be interested. • enthusiastic teacher

  12. 4. Make Use of the Senses 5. Ensure Class Activity • Learning takes place through 1 or more of the senses. Mainly sight, touch, and hearing. • Different people learn best through different means: • Audio • Visual • Kinesthetic • The best way for students to learn is by doing something for themselves and thinking about it. • Do this through: questions, problems, tests, discussions, group assignments, visits, projects, and research.

  13. Be Aware of Your Human Relationship With Students • Look at your class as a group of individual students, not a group who are all alike. They will all act and react differently. • Try to show and to develop the following qualities: • Show: • firmness, but be sympathetic; • That you are approachable; • Patience; • Confidence without being boastful; • No favouritism. • Be: • Yourself – that is, your natural self; • A good example • Encouraging by giving praise when it is deserved.

  14. Teaching Aids A picture is worth a thousand words - Confucius

  15. Teaching aids are used to: • Emphasize important parts; • Make subject matter more interesting; • Make it easier to understand. • There are 2 main categories: • Simple classroom aids: blackboard, diagrams, models, slideshows, etc… • Audio – Visual aids: radio, sound-clips, movies, video-clips, smartboard technology, etc…

  16. Your Aids Must Be: • Big/Loud Enough: Make sure your visuals and audios can be seen and heard by everyone in the room. • Interesting: Use colour, different fonts, short and interesting clips, etc… • Simple and Brief: The main points should be simple and brief to be easily understood. • Appropriate: Remember who your audience is and choose your aids accordingly.

  17. A classroom full of visual teaching aids is often a distraction. Your visual aids must stress a definite teaching point. They must be clear, simple and easily understood.

  18. How to Use Your Voice

  19. How to use your voice properly • Pronounce words clearly and distinctly • Vary the tone and pitch of your voice • Put emphasis on important words by… • Raising pitch and volume • speaking slightly slower • Speak more slowly than ordinary • Speak loudly enough for all to hear, but speak naturally (do not shout) • Do not lower your voice at the end of a sentence • Pause after important points to give time for students to understand what you have said attendance

  20. How to Ask Questions

  21. There are 2 main reasons why the teacher asks questions. • To encourage students to reason things out for themselves. Example: “What do you think happens when I press this lever?” • To check that you are teaching what you set out to teach. Example: “What is the next step in solving this type of equation?”

  22. Some basic rules to follow • Put the question to the whole class, pause, then name a student to answer. • Avoid questions where the answer is merely ‘yes’ or ‘no’, or where there is only one alternative. • Make sure your questions are clearly understood. If no answer comes, than simply rephrase it. • Do not ignore answers because they are wrong, discuss them. • Make sure that everyone can hear the questions and answers. How not to ask questions

  23. Teaching Techniques

  24. Planning Preparing Your Lessons Ask yourself the following questions: • What is the aim of my lesson; what am I trying to teach? • Do I have the knowledge needed? (If not you must get it) • What does my class already know? • How long do I have to teach this topic?

  25. Beginning, Middle, End • The beginning of any lesson should be properly introduced creating interest in the topic. • The middle is where most of the material is presented. Present it in stages, and because you will need to do a lot of explaining, use variety. • The end is where you clear up misunderstandings, and confirm what was learned. Allow for questions, practice and tests, and summarize vital points.

  26. Oral Activity • Lectures are a necessary part of teaching but remember… • to question and discuss. • do not include too much subject matter. You cannot teach by telling. • to add in practice and class activities as well.

  27. Demonstrations and Experiments • Good for arousing interest and showing practical use, but make sure to discuss. • A rehearsal is a must. • Explain thoroughly, and demonstrate yourself before asking the students to try. • Make sure it is relevant to your lesson. • Discuss and summarize main points after completion. • Make everyone take part.

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