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Geology

Geology. Teacher’s notes and Flash files. Most slides contain notes to accompany the presentation. This icon indicates that the notes contain particularly detailed instructions or extension activities.

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Geology

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  1. Geology

  2. Teacher’s notes and Flash files Most slides contain notes to accompany the presentation. This icon indicates that the notes contain particularly detailed instructions or extension activities. To access these notes go to ‘Notes Page View’ (PowerPoint 97) or ‘Normal View’ (PowerPoint 2000/2002). Notes Page View Normal View This icon indicates that a Flash file has been embedded into the PowerPoint slide. These files are not editable.

  3. There are 3 types of rock: Sedimentary Metamorphic Igneous Types of rock

  4. Igneous rocks Some igneous rocks have small crystals. These have cooled quickly close to the surface. These are hard rocks. An example of this type of igneous rock is basalt. Some igneous rocks have large crystals. These have cooled slowly deep underground. These are hard rocks. An example of this type of igneous rock is granite. In igneous rocks the crystals are in a random order (no pattern).

  5. Granite Granite has visible crystals. What differences do you notice between these two igneous rocks? Basalt

  6. The formation of igneous rocks Extrusive igneous rocks are cooled quickly so small crystals form (e.g. basalt). volcano Sedimentary rocks Intrusive igneous rocks are cooled more slowly so large crystals form (e.g. granite). magma

  7. Basalt Igneous rocks

  8. Granite Igneous rocks

  9. Basalt pillars These pillars were formed when lava cooled on the Earth’s surface.

  10. Sedimentary rocks These are made from layers of sediment. They are grainy and crumbly and may contain fossils. Examples of sedimentary rocks are sandstone and limestone.

  11. Sedimentary rock – sedimentation layers of sediments getting older

  12. The formation of sedimentary rocks These were formed from layers of sediment which were squeezed together. new deposits rivers sea/lake/river land layers of sediments getting older

  13. Sedimentary rocks sandstone sandstone chalk limestone

  14. Metamorphic rocks Metamorphic rocks show small crystals in layers (bands). Metamorphic rocks are hard and smooth. Examples of metamorphic rocks are slate and marble.

  15. Metamorphic rocks are formed by the effect of extreme pressures and temperatures deep within the Earth. This alters the structure of the existing rock. Metamorphic rock - formation

  16. The formation of metamorphic rocks sedimentary rocks are changed here due to heat and pressure. volcano Sedimentary rocks magma

  17. Metamorphic rocks marble slate

  18. Metamorphic rocks Continent collision causes metamorphism and huge folds like this one in Scotland.

  19. Rock formation rocks are broken up by the action of weather rocks rise to surface by uplift and erosion transportation and deposition volcano Igneous rocks basalt sea Sedimentary rocks mudstone Igneous rocks granites rises to surface where it cools rapidly high pressure and temperature slow solidification Metamorphic rocks slate and marble melt magma

  20. Rock cycle

  21. C B D Marble Chalk A Match the rocks with the correct label Basalt Slate Granite

  22. Put the following rocks in the correct column Metamorphic Sedimentary Igneous slate clay basalt marble chalk shale granite sandstone limestone

  23. Make a simplified rock cycle rock is broken down (weathered) and transported into rivers rock is uplifted rock is broken down (weathered) and transported into rivers pressure and heat

  24. Rock cycle rock is broken down (weathered) and transported into rivers pressure and heat rock is broken down (weathered) and transported into rivers heat

  25. Identify these rocks A slate B basalt C granite D chalk E sandstone

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