BES Review of NSLS July 11-13, 2001

1. BES Review of NSLSJuly 11-13, 2001 Steve Dierker Chairman, National Synchrotron Light Source July 23, 2002 Brookhaven Science AssociatesU.S. Department of Energy

2. Requirements • Two full days of presentation, site visits, etc • Topics • Facility performance (schedules, user participation, etc) • Selected presentations of the most outstanding research performed at NSLS during the last two years (by field of research) • R&D Plans and future scientific directions • Brookhaven National Laboratory plans that may affect NSLS • Time with individual facility scientific staff • Focus sessions with user representatives (UEC) and PRT spokespersons

3. Information Request • Facility • Brief description of facility • Breakdown of all staff and assignments • Brief description of ongoing R&D activities at facility • Beamlines • Drawing of floor plan w/ brief description of each beamline • Describe facility beamlines available to users and percentage time allocated to outside users • How many beamlines (facility, PRT/CAT) are operational and what percentage of time is allocated to outside users • Describe the communities served by each beamline

4. Information Request (cont) • Support Facilities – sample prep, computing, etc • What is available? • What is planned? • Users • How is beam time allocated to outside users? • Reviewing process; beam time allocations, user experiments, and proposals per year; percentage of beamtime allocated to facility scientists

5. Information Request (cont) • Impact • List all pubs in last two years in refereed journals, separated by outside user or facility staff. • List invited lectures and major awards for facility staff and outside users • List twenty most important publications of work performed at facility over past two years and include Citation index • Cost Indicator • Cost per paper • total cost of beamlines operation/number of papers per year • Cost per delivered beam day • delivered beam days/number of papers per year

6. Information Request (cont) • Future • Describe plans for future beamlines and facility upgrades • Identify potential problems, e.g., power shortages, environmental contamination, etc • What are expected trends in user demand: internal, external and scientific area they represent, by scientific field

7. BES Scientific FacilitiesSurvey Results • Part 1 • User satisfaction mini-survey – 8 questions • Asked on NSLS End of Run Summary Form (on line, web based) • Part 2 • User demographics – 9 questions • Budget and Operation Data – 7 questions These were also provided to reviewers for previous two years

8. Preparing for the Review Major Tasks • Defining agenda • Choosing and scheduling speakers • Responding to information requests • Arranging participation of users, UEC, PRTs. • Arranging site visits Must be planned months in advance! • We were informed in February, reviewed in July

9. Science Highlights - Wednesday, July 11 Macromolecular Crystallography 9:15-9:45 Structural Biology of HIV Infection Wayne Hendrickson, Columbia U. 9:45-10:15 Ribosome Structure Peter Moore, Yale University 10:15-10:30 Break Low Dimensional and Strongly Correlated Electron Solids 10:30-11:00 Electronic Structure in Low Kevin Smith, Boston University Dimensional and Superconducting Solids 11:00-11:30 Strongly Correlated Solids Studied by John Hill, BNL Physics X-ray and IR Industrial Applications 11:30-12:00 Microbeam X-Ray Diffraction and High Cev Noyan, IBM, Yorktown Throughput Methods for Industrial Use

10. Lunch – Wednesday, July 11 12:00 – 1:30 Lunch in Seminar Room Users Executive Committee Simon Bare Chair, UOP Mark Chance Past Chair, AECOM Leemor Joshua-Tor Vice Chair, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Steven Almo AECOM Daniel Fischer NIST Antonio Lanzirotti Univ. Chicago David Mullins Oak Ridge Michael Vaughan Stony Brook Special Interest Group Representatives Michael Becker Bio. Scattering & Diffraction, BNL Biology Mark Fuhrmann Imaging, BNL Env. Sci. Mahbubul Khandaker Nuclear Physics, TJNL Vincent Harris XAFS, NRL John Sutherland Time Resolved Spectroscopy, BNL Biology David Mullins UV Photoemission & Surface Sci., ORNL Paul Stevens Industrial Users, Exxon Lisa Miller Infrared Users, BNL NSLS Cecilia Sanchez-Hanke Students & Post Docs, BNL NSLS Peter Stephens X-ray Scattering & Crystal., Stony Brook Michael Dudley Topography, Stony Brook

11. NSLS Operations, Beamlines, R&D - Wednesday, July 11 NSLS Operations, Beamlines, R&D 1:30-2:30 Operations, Budget, etc Steve Dierker, NSLS 2:30-3:00 VUV/IR Programs and Steve Hulbert, NSLS Beamline Upgrades 3:00-3:30 X-Ray Programs and Chi-Chang Kao, NSLS Beamline Upgrades 3:30-3:45 Break 3:45-4:15 Beamline Controls and Detectors Peter Siddons, NSLS

12. Beamline Visits by Discipline and Breakout Sessions with NSLS Scientists

13. Science Highlights - Thursday, July 12 Soft Condensed Matter and Biophysics 8:30-9:00 Time-Resolved Structural Biology of Mark Chance, AECOM Macromolecules 9:00-9:30 Orientational Crystallography using Ron Pindak, Lucent Technology Resonant x-ray scattering 9:30-10:00 Coherent Soft x-ray Imaging, with Chris Jacobsen, Stony Brook and without Optics 10:00-10:15 Break Materials Science 10:15-10:45 Materials under Extreme Conditions David Mao, Carnegie 10:45-11:15 Highlights in X-Ray Spectroscopy Joe Woicik, NIST Biomedical Applications 11:15-11:45 Combining X-ray and IR Lisa Miller, NSLS Microspectroscopy in the Study of Bone Diseases

14. Lunch – Thursday, July 12 11:45 – 1:00 Lunch in Seminar Room Non-NSLS PRT Spokespersons

15. Program Development and Source R&D Thursday, July 12 Scientific Program Development 1:00-1:30 The User Community & PRT System Steve Dierker, NSLS 1:30-2:00 New Approaches to Serving the Jan Hrbek, Chemistry, BNL Catalysis Community 2:00-2:30 Facilitating the Growth of NanoscienceRichard Osgood, ALD for BES 2:30-3:00 Opportunities for New Programs inGeorge Sawatzky, UBC Soft X-ray Science 3:00-3:30 Expanding High Pressure ProgramsDonald Weidner, Stony Brook 3:30-3:45 Break Accelerator Improvements and Future Source R&D 3:45-4:30 Accelerator Improvements and R&D Sam Krinsky, NSLS 4:30-5:00 Photo-injected Energy Recovery Linac Ilan Ben-Zvi, NSLS Summary 5:00-5:30 Summary and Resource Issues Steve Dierker, NSLS

16. X-ray and VUV Beamlines

17. NSLS User Community Chemical Sciences Materials Sciences Life Sciences Geosciences and Ecology Applied Science and Engineering Optical/Nuclear/General Physics None Specified Users by Field of Research • > 2500 Scientists • > 400 Academic, Industrial, Government Institutions • 50% Growth in last decade • Strong growth in Life Sciences

18. NSLS Users by State (FY00) Northeast Users Dominate 2551 Total Users in FY2000 States with > 25 Users

19. Users by Employment Level Large numbers of grad students and postdocs

20. Users by Age Young, early career scientists

21. Users by Employer Increased number of academic and BNL users

22. Beam Time Allocations by Science 47 % of the Beam Time is used for Materials Science 16 % is used for Life Science

23. Experiments by Science 35 % of the Experiments are in Materials Science Average expt duration ~ 11 days 35 % in Life Science Average expt duration 1-3 days

24. Premier Journal Publications • > 800 publications per year • > 100 publications in premier journals

25. VUV/X-Ray Ring Usage (FY01) VUV Ring X-Ray Ring Actual / Planned Operation Hours = 5457 / 5260 Reliability = 97.2 % Availability = 103.7 % Actual / Planned Operation Hours = 5654 / 5266 Reliability = 94.7 % Availability = 107.4 % Both Rings continue to operate with high Reliability and Availability

26. DOE Review ReportOverall • Research is outstanding as reflected in large # of pubs and high index of citations • Notable continued improvement in performance, especially digital orbit feedback and development of in-vacuum undulators • IR research program is very important; a unique feature • Scientific/technical staff is doing outstanding job • NSLS is a mature and stable facility and staffing levels should reflect this

27. DOE Review ReportIssues • Beamline staff is too small to deal with users, upgrade beamlines and maintain viable scientific program • Distorted balance in FTEs in machine physics vs beamline staff • Significant operating problem with some PRTs. • Several beamlines show signs of neglect from benign to serious • X13 insertion device should accept external users • U5 insertion device scientific program has underachieved and should be modified • Need to focus accelerator research on projects relevant to operational improvement of the NSLS.

28. DOE Review ReportRecommendations • Increase beamline scientific staff • Develop a plan to optimize beamline utilization, eliminate operation of beamlines that are not scientifically productive and/or do not have upgrading capabilities • Develop a plan for facility control, or at least participation, in the management and operation of PRTs that are having financial and staffing problems • Redefine U5 scientific program • Facilitate general user access to X13, on a peer review basis • Reduce accelerator physics staff • Develop a plan for accelerator research at the NSLS

29. NSLS Reorganization

30. Accelerator Physics • ATF transferred from NSLS to Physics Department • Better aligned with HEP/Laboratory programs • Allows us to redirect > $500k to user program support • Mission of Accelerator Division • Maintain and upgrade existing storage rings • X-ray Digital Feedback for Beam Position Stabilization • Develop new Insertion Devices (e.g., Superconducting In-Vacuum Undulators) • Investigate NSLS Upgrade Options • Basic Studies of Beam Physics

31. Increasing Beamline Scientific Staff • User program support is being increased by 13 FTEs • 8 Complete or Planned New Hires • 2 Scientists • Ron Pindak – Soft Matter, X21 (SAXS) & X24A (Low Energy Resonant Scat) • Cecelia Sanchez-Hanke – Magnetism, X13A (XMCD) • 4 Science Associates/Technicians • 2 Web/Publications/Outreach • 5 Redirected FTEs • 1 Scientist • 2 Beamline Controls • 2 Technicians • Accomplished w/o new money by redefining priorities to emphasize User Program

32. Improved User Support Three levels of support • Routine maintenance of beamlines • Routine beamline operation and user support • Support of scientific programs: • program specific infra-structure (end stations, special equipment, laboratories, etc) • user interfaces (software, data analysis, training, outreach) GOALS: • NSLS provides 1 and 2 because of the economy of scale and expertise in the facility • NSLS and user community jointly provide 3

33. Redefine U5 scientific program • Current U5 end station supports Spin Resolved Photoemission • Associate Scientist: Elio Vescovo • A relay mirror has been added to allow pass through to a second end station position. • Two second end stations are being developed: • Soft X-ray Emmission Spectroscopy • New capability – Nordgren (Uppsala) is developing end station • ARPES • Supplements U13 (P. Johnson) capability • Kevin Smith (Boston U) has developed photoemission chamber • Both programs will be fully operated by the NSLS and made available 100% to General Users

34. General User Access to X13 • Two Beamlines (Two insertion devices in straight section) • X13A • Elliptically Polarized Wiggler • XMCD, Reflectivity - Magnetism Studies • Hired new Assistant Scientist: Cecelia Sanchez-Hanke • X13B • Mini-Gap Undulator (In Vacuum) – Just installed, currently commissioning • X-ray Microprobe & Microspectroscopy- Nanoscience, Environmental Science, etc • Needs staff • Both programs will be fully operated by the NSLS and made available 100% to General Users

35. Conclusions • The review is very thorough and comprehensive • Must prepare well in advance! • Strong involvement of user community is crucial • The results have weight and can be useful in helping to enable change.