ISCI Future Avenues

1. ISCI Future Avenues Chiel Boonstra ISCI Secretary-General Local Renewables Conference Freiburg, 14 June 2007

2. Cities account for three-quarters of total global energy demand and a correspondingly large portion of the emissions driving climate change. Half of the global population currently lives in cities and this proportion is expected to grow to three-quarters by 2050. Image: Hong Kong Island, Chiel Boonstra

3. 2004 – First ISCI Congress Daegu, Korea Barcelona Gelsenkirchen Minneapolis The Hague Gwangju Adelaide Daegu Sapporo Goteborg Cape Town Portland Beijing Linz Santa Monica Hangzhou Sol Plaatje Kaohsiung Qingdao Oxford

4. Adelaide Alessandria Barcelona Bonn Boulder Copenhagen Daegu Delhi Dezhou Dundee Dunedin Eppertshausen Freiburg Gelsenkirchen Greenburgh Hudson Valley Korydallos Linz London Napoli Oxford Oxfordshire Sao Paulo Southampton The Hague Tokyo Toronto 2006 – Second ISCI Congress Oxford, UK

5. Third International Solar Cities Congress 17 – 21 February 2008 Adelaide, South Australia www.solarcitiescongress.com.au

6. Sustainable Rate Sustainable Rate CO2 Emissions per Capita 19 USA 17 Australia Canada 15 Norway 13 Denmark Belgium Russia 11 CO2 Emissions, tons per capita Netherlands Ukraine Ireland 9 Finland UK Germany Japan Sweden Switzerland 7 Spain Italy Korea 5 Debt France 3 Credit China 1 Nigeria Vietnam Chad Bangladesh Pakistan Center for Energy and Environmental Policy

8. direct and indirect CO2 emissions • Many cities have prepared baseline emission studies but these vary widely according to the assumptions used. • However, the Earth operates by a single assumption: all emissions are counted. • Therefore, methods of deriving the attributed per capita emissions in a city must eventually include all emissions.

9. CO2 emission European household [2,5 persons] [tonne CO2 per year] now future actions: Space heating passive house technology Warm water 6 2 watersaving + solar boiler Electricity electricity saving + solar, wind, biomass Mobility 5 1,5 from car to car sharing + public transport + bicycle + regional living-working-leisure Food 6 1,5 regional food production and market Goods 3 1 regional and sustainable purchasing Services 5 1,5 sustainable services ____ ____ 25 7,5 [= 3 tonne CO2 per year / person]

11. 85% reduc. by effi-ciency 26 kWh/m²a Passive housing in Germany: also for renovation 200 kWh m²a after before Source: PHI

12. In Vauban, Freiburg, parking happens in the Solargarage, and only short term parking near the appartments. A new tramline enters the area. Alongside the walking route small shops flourish.

13. The school is located in safe, green space, adjacent to mix of social housing and individual architecture. The parking garage offers space for car sharing (three car types). Reservation and payment via regional public transport card, and Internet.

14. Michael Harbison Lord Mayor of Adelaide

15. A key objective for a sustainable neighbourhood is to encouraging people to walk, use bicycle or public transport. • Streets are for people • Planning for pedestrian • Planning for cyclist • Neighborhood planning for use of public transport

16. Communities and mobility • Shorter distances • Services and shops by foot and bicycle • New communities • Optimum density, function mix • Attractive mixed use living, leisure and working environment • Tram network between nodes • Train for long distance

17. ISCI objectives • to support UN energy and climate policies by stimulating the interest of cities into becoming benchmark cities that commit to ambitious emission reduction goals; • help cities systematically integrate renewable energy and energy efficient technologies and industries into environmental, economic and city planning; • and provide scientific support for the validation and design of effective measures and policies for Solar Cities.

18. ISCI Executive Board Chris Zijdeveld – Chair Anne Grete Hestnes – Vice Chair Chiel Boonstra – Secretary General Monica Oliphant Jong-dal Kim Iida Tetsunari John Byrne David Mills

19. 2006 ISCI Declaration at Oxford Agreement achieved in front of Mayors Forum, and in city consultations INTRODUCTION Cities account for three-quarters of total global energy … Cities have great potential to avert the growing climate crisis In the second International Solar Cities Congress hosted by Oxford …

20. 2006 ISCI Declaration at Oxford TARGETS AND TRAJECTORIES • It is agreed that all ISCI Cities create, as a long-term target, per capita emissions reduction trajectories consistent with the 2050 per capita global target of a 60% or greater reduction from 1990 levels. Trajectories may differ for cities with currently low per capita emissions compared to those with higher emissions. • It is agreed that Cities will work together and, with support from the ISCI Executive, find consensus on trajectories by 2008, when the 3rd International Solar Cities Congress will convene in Adelaide, Australia.

21. 2006 ISCI Declaration at Oxford BASELINE DEVELOPMENT • It is agreed that ISCI Cities use mathematical methods to create a continually updated per capita emissions figure as the benchmark for monitoring and verification of community progress in lowering emissions. • It is agreed that ISCI Cities will move toward a complete counting method in their reporting of progress in per capita emissions reduction.

22. 2006 ISCI Declaration at Oxford ACTIONS TO REDUCE EMISSIONS • It is agreed that, beginning in 2008, ISCI Cities will report bi-annually at each Congress their per capita emissions and the method used to measure this indicator. • It is agreed that, beginning in 2008, ISCI Cities will report bi-annually at each Congress, action plans to reduce emissions in the near (next five years) and long terms.

23. 2006 ISCI Declaration at Oxford ACTION PROGRAMME EVALUATION • It is agreed that analysis methods employed by ISCI Cities should be comparable, transparent, and complete, and will be reported to the ISCI Executive in its role as clearing house for ISCI activity. • It is agreed that results of programmes will be published in a simple and common format allowing inter-city comparison of approaches.

24. ISCI ResearchJohn Byrne • Research Committee • Guidance on consistent CO2 accounting • Peer review in coordination with city liaison • Reflection on bi-annual city reports • ISCI-developed databases

25. ISCI City Liaison actionsChiel Boonstra • 2004 Daegu Declaration • 2006 ISCI Declaration at Oxford Cities and ISCI cooperate: • Bi-annual reporting • City Action plan development • Programme exchange between cities ISCI technical assistance, coordination and consulting services

26. ISCI dissemination Publication • Newsletter • Each City featured in newsletter, annually • Website, including city pages

27. Case Story development - Collaboration offered by Eric Martinot; information channeled via ISCI Research and ISCI City Liaison

28. Other organisations • ISES - cooperation in conference development • ICLEI - conversations to establish working relations.

29. ISCI – ICLEI - ISES • ICLEI – sustainability in general, political, easy solutions, 1000 cities exposure sustainability, cities network, local governments, campaigns, congresses, projects, publications • ISCI – 20 – 50 cities, frontrunner cities in greenhouse gas reduction Helping the frontrunners to really achieve their goals. • ISES – renewable energy, scientific sustainable energy, scientific, theoretical, technical, congresses, publications, projects

30. Solar City examples • Solar City Copenhagen • Adelaide Solar City • Solar City Alessandria • Dezhou Solar City • …

31. Mrs Mara Scagni Mayor of Alessandria

32. Alla Luce del Sole, Alessandria, Italy

34. Third International Solar Cities Congress 17 – 21 February 2008 Adelaide, South Australia www.solarcitiescongress.com.au

35. International Solar Cities Initiative Thank you, You are more than welcome to join chiel.boonstra@isci-cities.org