Knowledge management?

1. Knowledge management?

2. Knowledge Management 2008 Remko Helms Eleonore ten Thij (partly) Rachelle Bosua • Elia Giovacchini .....and you!

3. Tomato Stories ? + = Derived from Huysman, 2006

4. Knowledge Management and Tomato Stories • knowledge  object versus process? • management  control versus facilitate? • systems  condition versus solution?

5. Agenda • Course Overview • Content: themes related to knowledge, management, systems • Structure + requirements • Groups: mail Elia at kmt@cs.uu.nl • Compostion and subscription • Simulation Game: Remko • Game • Report(s)

6. Goals • Know (= answering exam questions) • context of KM • definitions of KM • perspectives on knowledge1 • typologies of KM systems1 • Relate (= etcetera) • perspectives on knowledge and KM • dimensions of knowledge and ICT support/KM systems To be continued....

7. Capital 2000 (1990, 1950)... Labor Knowledge Intellectual Capital <1800 Virtual Land Material Context of Knowledge Management 1

8. agriculture mining industry public services building trade catering transport finance business services government, social insurances education health culture Employment in Industries Health Labor market Finance Trade Business Services

9. Context of Knowledge Management 2 • Globalisation, mobility, technological changes • Network society • Horizontalization in organizations • Knowledge productivity becomes more important • Complexity of problems; interdisciplinary approach is needed • Initial education ≠ profession Coenders, 2005

10. What is Knowledge Management 2? Weggeman: The way in which companies create, share, apply and evaluate knowledge in order to increase the added value ...

11. MVGS knowledge gap production sales r & d hrm create share apply evaluate Knowledge Management Life Cycle Business processes Knowledge processes?

12. The story of the ill performing teacher (fiction!) • Problem 1 • Number of students passing exams • Solution 1 • Analyze teacher’s performance • Assignments: ok according to specialist • Exam questions: ok according to specialist • Presentation: too much too fast, non verbal behaviour • Send teacher to presentation course • ok according to specialist • But: number of students • However: Problem 2 • Report on school: assignments too rigid, exams about ‘learning-by-heart’, poor learning capabilities organization • According to specialists • Solution 2 • ?????

13. Knowledge Management Lifecycle? • Knowledge Gap: ‘The Story of The Ill Performing Teacher’.......... • How do we establish a ‘knowledge gap’ ? • Do we know how learning is related to organizational performance or to innovation? • Lifecycle? • Linear approach: sharing only after creating, applying after sharing?

14. Knowledge: The Famous Information Pyramid Wisdom: knowledge on how to live well or properly (with others) Knowledge: information that enables action, for example quantity of bread to order Information: data in context, for example daily sales burgers, inventory bread Data: facts void of context, for example numbers, letters

15. Data, information, knowledge?

16. Only information if: knowledge of (the use of) English language knowledge of the world knowledge of the situation Alternative point of view Information: Is the salt is on the table?’ Data: tttt hh eee ss aa ll I o n b?

17. Perspective on knowledge and perception of knowledge management • Object = information access  building and managing knowledge stocks • Information management: (traditional) Information and Computer Sciences • Process = knowledge flow  enabling and facilitating creation and sharing (without disturbing it) • Learning, Cooperation, Change Management, HRM: Anthropology, Sociology, Management Science, Educational Science • Capability = competencies  analyzing strategic advantage know-how, creating intellectual capital • Strategy, Organizational Development, Learning: Management Science, Economy

18. Management: Different approaches, different systems Integral approach: flow and stock strengthen each other Personalisation Flow approach: -Formal and informal communities -Sharing culture -’Know your colleagues’ • Codification • Stock approach: • Intranet • Knowledge bases • Collaboration tools KM Infrastructure Facilitating organization [Source: V. Dignum]

19. KM approaches Mofett, McAdam, Parkinson, 2003

20. Expert Systems Knowledge Maps Intranet Semantic Analysis White boarding Structured Document Repositories Automatic Profiling Net-conferencing Push Technology Knowledge as product Full Text Retrieval File management Systems Discussion groups Real-time Messaging E-mail Shared files Knowledge as process Classification of KM systems [Source: Planet Ernst&Young]

21. KMS Functions • Basic KM-related functionality • intranet, e-mail (lists), integrative functions like document storing and retrieval • Integrative KMS • codification support, advanced search and retrieval, repositories, organization of knowledge structures • Interactive KMS • location of expertise, communication and collaboration, online community spaces, e-learning • Bridging KMS • 2 + 3 + matching, recommendation, filtering

22. KMS Functions integrative KM Maier, 2002

23. KMS Functions interactive KM Maier, 2002

24. KMS functions bridging KM Maier, 2002

25. KMS : conclusions • Most large organizations do have an Intranet and/or groupware platform • Most organizations build their own KMS solutions • Integrative KMS functions predominate, but interactive and bridging KMS functions catch up • KM-related ICT systems lack integration • KMS are highly complex systems • Many KMS functions are implemented, but not used intensively Maier, 2002

26. Wrap it up! • Know (= answering exam questions) • context of KM • definitions of KM • perspectives on knowledge1 • typologies of KM systems1 • Relate (= etcetera) • perspectives on knowledge and KM • dimensions of knowledge and ICT support/KM systems

27. Course Themes • Knowledge  learning in organizations, culture&social capital, sharing in CoPs, networks • Management  strategy, implementation frameworks, evaluation • KM (IS) Systems  examples, fit, design issues

28. Course Structure • Week 17 – 26 • (guest) lectures • Week 17 - 22 • workshop simulation game: strategy & implementation report • Week 21: TEST 1 • Week 23 – 27 • research project: group meetings  research report • planning: see assignment, website • Week 27 • deadline research report • TEST 2

29. Research Assignment • How do organizations share knowledge, how do they use ICT for sharing knowledge? • Select (or construct) model for researching knowledge sharing (and one for using ICT in knowledge sharing) (implies specifiying research question) • Select method for collecting and analyzing data (may be included in model for sharing knowledge) • Collect and analyze data • Advice your organization • Organization/department • > 25 people, some use of ICT

30. Passing the course • test 1 + 2 = 50% • Strategy & Implementation Report = 20% • Report research assignment = 30% • You pass this course when your weighed average >= 5.5 and no mark is less than 4.5 • You can do a retest if your weighed average >= 4 (and <= 5.5)

31. Group Work • Simulation Game, reports: groups of 3 people • subscription deadline: Tuesday 22/4 17h (Thursday 24/4 the test game is played) • Research project: groups of 4 people • subscription deadline: Tuesday 22/4 17h • Mail Elia at kmt@cs.uu.nl • To inform him about your group • To inform him that you are still looking for a group

32. www.cs.uu.nl/docs/vakken/kmt • WEBSITE: Schedule, LiteratureASSIGNMENTS • WEBSITE: NEWS • E-MAIL LIST KMT@CS.UU.NL

33. Next Lecture • Theme: Strategy • Time: Tuesday 29/4 11 – 13h • Place: Minaert 208 • Literature: • Grant, R.M., “The knowledge-based view of the firm: Implications for management practice”. Long Range Planning, 30(3), pp. 450-454. • Hansen, M.T., Nohria, N., Tierney, T. (1999). “What’s your strategy for Knowledge Management”. Harvard Business Review, March- April 1999 • Binney, D. (2001). The knowledge management spectrum –understanding the KM landscape. Journal of Knowledge Management,5(1), 33-42.