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Plants

Plants. Question: How are plants different from animals?. Plants. Question: What is a producer? A producer is an organism that makes its own food. Give some examples of producers. Video: Nature’s Producers 1:34, Alive With Energy 5:56(As time permits). Pair Share.

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Plants

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  1. Plants Question: How are plants different from animals?

  2. Plants • Question: What is a producer? • A producer is an organism that makes its own food. • Give some examples of producers. Video: Nature’s Producers 1:34, Alive With Energy 5:56(As time permits)

  3. Pair Share • Write down your ideas on the left side of your science notebook; ideas about how plants make their own food. • Share some of your ideas with the class.

  4. Essential Questions • What is Photosynthesis? • Photo: Light • Synthesis: Making something • Where does photosynthesis occur?

  5. Plant Processes • Explore • Video: The Process of Photosynthesis: Oxygen and Green Plants. 4:08 • Take notes during this video. Look again at the Essential Questions. • Pair Share: Summarize the information presented in the video to your partner. Propose initial answers to the two questions during pair share.

  6. Pair Share • Video: Photosynthesis 3:36 • Pair Reading: Why Do Plants Need Sunlight?

  7. Pair Share • Answer following questions on the left side of your notebook. • Where do plants get their energy? • What substance converts energy from the Sun to a form of sugar? • What is the name of this process? • What is glucose? • What basic things are needed for photosynthesis? • Why do leaves change color in the fall?

  8. Plant Processes • Question: What is the purpose of photosynthesis in a plant? • To create glucose. • Question: What is glucose? • A sugar utilized for energy.

  9. Plant Processes • Question: What process produces virtually all of the world’s oxygen? • Photosynthesis • Question: Where does most of the material making up wood in a tree come from or an apple? • Carbon dioxide

  10. Question: How do plants make their own food? Plants take in raw materials of water, carbon dioxide, and inorganic chemicals in the soil. Water is taken in through the roots into the root cells then up through the plant. Plant Processes

  11. Plant Processes • We now know that plants require water and carbon dioxide for photosynthesis, but what else is required? • Sunlight

  12. Plant Processes • Carbon dioxide enters through leaves and oxygen and water exit through leavesas waste products. • Leaves act like our lungs. • Video: MSB: How a Plant Gets Air 2:14

  13. Plant Processes • Chloroplasts: Small green cell structures within a leaf. • Video: Chloroplasts 1:29 Take notes during video.

  14. Chloroplasts Video • Pair Share Questions: Answer on the left side of your notebook. • What might be the origin of chloroplasts? • Why do you think this might have occurred? • What is a symbiotic relationship? • What advantage does each organism gain? • Can you give any other examples of symbiotic relationships.

  15. Plant Processes • Chlorophyll: Green pigment in the chloroplasts.

  16. Plant Processes • Photosynthesis: Process during which a plant’s chlorophyll traps light energy and sugars are produced.

  17. Plant Processes • Photosynthesis: Besides light, plants also need carbon dioxide and water. • Below is the equation that you must know for this class and future classes.

  18. Plant Processes • The sugar produced (Glucose) is the basis for a plants structure. • The products of photosynthesis are used for plant growth. • Cellulose is made from glucose. • Video: MSB How a Plant Makes Food 3:51

  19. Plant Processes • Question: Why is photosynthesis so important? • Pair share time: In 3 minutes write two reasons why photosynthesis is important. • Provides food to nearly all the organisms on Earth. • Removes carbon dioxide from the air and adds oxygen to it. • 90% of all the oxygen is a result of photosynthesis. • Video: Photosynthesis 13:27 Brain Pop: Photosynthesis, Photosynthesis Quiz

  20. Cellular Respiration • Question: Does anyone know cellular respiration is? • What is the difference between “respiration” and cellular respiration? • Breathing is external respiration. Cellular respiration is internal respiration. • Breathing is the exchange of gases between the body and outside the body. You bring oxygen in and push carbon dioxide out.

  21. Cellular Respiration • Cellular respiration in animals is the exchange of gases between body cells and capillaries. • Cellular respiration for plants is process by which energy stored in sugars is turned into energy that can be used for life processes.

  22. Plant Processes • Respiration: A series of chemical reactions that breaks down food molecules and releases energy.

  23. Cellular Respiration • In photosynthesis plants store energy. • In respiration plants release energy from that storage to use.

  24. Plant Processes • Aerobic Respiration: Uses oxygen to break down food chemically. • Food contains energy, however, it is in a form that can not be used by cells. • Respiration changes food energy into a form all cells can use. • This energy drives the life processes of almost all organisms on Earth. • Video: Cellular Respiration 3:16 • If additional time; Blue workbook 132-134

  25. MythBusters: Botanical Growth: Talking to Plants • Take notes during the video to answer the following questions on the left side of your notebook. • Consider the pseudoscientific idea that it is possible to nurture plants with soothing words. • Critique the MythBusters investigation. • Record what science investigative skills the MythBusters use or don’t use.

  26. Cellular Respiration Response • On a sheet of paper complete the following. • Place the terms below into a word equation for the chemical process for cellular respiration. Identify the important elements and whether there is a gain or loss of atoms during the process. • Carbon dioxide, Oxygen, Water, Glucose (C6H12O6), and Energy • See second page.

  27. Cellular Respiration Response • Why is cellular respiration important? • Where does cellular respiration take place? • What are the reactants and products of cellular respiration? See answers on next page.

  28. Cellular Respiration Response • During cellular respiration, a cell obtains energy from glucose and oxygen. The cell then uses this energy to carry out life processes. • Cellular respiration takes place inside of a cell. Oxygen and nutrients enter the cell through the cell membrane, and a chemical reaction takes place. Then, the products of the reaction are released from the cell.

  29. Cellular Respiration Response 3. Oxygen enters a cell and reacts with glucose in the cell. These are the reactants of cellular respiration. When glucose is broken down, it releases energy. Carbon dioxide and water are also produced. So, energy, carbon dioxide, and water are the products of cellular respiration.

  30. Cellular Respiration Response“It’s Alive” • Pair share: Read and answer the following questions. • What makes bread rise? • What could cause the _______ process to not occur? • Cells need what to survive? • Yeasts give off what gas to make bread rise? • Pasteur created what process to kill harmful bacteria? • Pasteur’s work led to what medical procedure to reduce infection in operations.

  31. Photosynthesis • Take out a piece of paper. Put your name on it. • What special structures within a plant cell help in the process of photosynthesis? • What energy conversion occurs in photosynthesis? • Use the following words to write an equation for the chemical equation for photosynthesis: water, light energy, glucose, carbon dioxide, oxygen. • Video: The Cycle Series: The Oxygen Story 15:02

  32. Plant Responses • All living organisms including plants respond to stimuli. • If you are frightened by something you might jump and your heart would beat faster. • Get out a piece of paper because we are going to have a test over the entire year right now.

  33. Plant Responses • Plants respond to external stimuli such as touch, light, and gravity. • Some responses are quick, such as the Venus’-fly trap. Other responses are slower as they involve changes in growth.

  34. Plant Responses • Tropism:Movement caused by a change in growth and can be positive or negative. • Touch: Question: • How does the pea plant respond to touch? • Pea touches a solid object, it responds by growing faster on one side causing it to bend and twist around any object it touches.

  35. Plant Responses • Tropisms: 2. Light: Plant responds to light causing thecells on the side of plant opposite the light to get longer than the cells facing the light. Therefore the plants bends toward the light.

  36. Plant Responses • Tropism 3. Gravity: The downward growth of plant roots is a response to gravity

  37. Plant Responses • Plant Hormones. Control the changes in growth that result from tropisms. • Ethylene:Hormone produced by plants as a gas that stimulates the ripening process. • Commercially fruits are often picked green and then exposed to ethylene to cause ripening during shipping.

  38. Plant Responses • Plant Hormones: There are several types of hormones that control plant growth, response to temperature, prevent loss of water. • Question: Review; What part of the leaf must close to prevent water loss?

  39. Plant Responses • Photoperiodism:Plants response to the number of hours of daylight and darkness. • Changes in lengths of daylight and darkness affect plant growth. • Many plants require a specific length of darkness to begin the flowering process.

  40. Plant Responses • Plants are specific to the amount of darkness required for them to flower. • Question: Why do we observe plants flowering at different times of the year?

  41. Plant Responses • Long-day plants: Require less than 10 to 12 hours of darkness to flower. • Short-day plants: Require 12 or more hours of darkness to flower.

  42. Plant Responses • Question: If you wanted to put in a plant that flowered in the fall, what type of plant would you use, a long-day or short-day? • Short-day • Question: What type of plant would you use during the summer for flowers? • Long-day

  43. Plant Responses • Question: Is photoperiodism important to farmers? • Why • Some soybeans will flower with 9.5 hours of darkness but will not flower with 10 hours of darkness. Why is this important to a farmer? • The farmer must match the variety of soybeans with a photoperiod that matches the hours of darkness in the section of country where they plant the crop. Temperature and growing conditions are not the only important factors.

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