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Japan Modernizes

Japan Modernizes. Us forced Modernization. Modernization. US displays its military might by sending a naval force to make Japan open its ports for trade How should Japan respond? Many resisted giving up the 215 year old policy of seclusion

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Japan Modernizes

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  1. Japan Modernizes Us forced Modernization

  2. Modernization • US displays its military might by sending a naval force to make Japan open its ports for trade • How should Japan respond? • Many resisted giving up the 215 year old policy of seclusion • Many thought it would be wise to learn from foreigners

  3. Discontent in Tokugawa Japan • Tokugawa shoguns seized power and re-imposed centralized feudalism • Many were unhappy and resented their place on the social ladder • Government responded by trying to revive old ways, emphasizing farming over commerce • Praise traditional values • Shoguns lose power and corruption becomes common

  4. Japan Opens Up • The British defeat the Chinese in the Opium Wars and force them to sign unequal treaties • Japanese officials are very afraid

  5. External Pressure and Internal Revolt • July 1853 a well armed fleet led by Matthew Perry sailed into Tokyo Bay • In a letter President Fillmore demands that Japan open its ports to diplomatic and commercial exchange • The Shogun agreed to open 2 ports to American ships, though not for trade • US soon won trading rights • Many criticized the shogun for not taking a stronger stand and for signing a humiliating treaty

  6. New Leadership • Discontented daimyo and samurai led a revolt to unseat the shogun • They restored a 15 year old emperor named Mutsuhito to power • He takes the name Meiji – Enlightened one • Moves the capital to Tokyo

  7. Meiji Restoration • Goal: “Rich country, a strong military” • Begin to study western ways • Look to install a modern industrial economy

  8. A Modern Government • Adopted the German Government Model • Gave the emperor autocratic power – absolute • A legislature or diet was made up of one house elected by people and one appointed • Voting rights very limited

  9. Industrialization • Adopted western business methods • Government built factories then sold them to wealthy business families who developed them further • Japan soon became an industrial power

  10. Changes in Society • Constitution ended legal distinctions between classes • Most women were still secondary citizens • Forbidden any political participation and were legally lumped in with minors

  11. An Amazing Success • Most important – has a Homogeneous Society • Shared common culture and language • Learned from other nations like China • Economic Growth • Determined to resist foreign rule

  12. Japan’s Growing Military Strength • Japan lacked many basic resources essential for industrial growth • Japan seeks an empire and uses its modern army and navy to obtain those resources

  13. Korea in the Middle • Focus of competition between Russia, China, and Japan • Tributary state of China – independent but acknowledged the supremacy of a stronger state • Japan used its superior power to force Korea to open its ports to trade and accept unequal treaties

  14. Japan Gains Power • 1st Sino-Japanese War – With China. • Even though China had more resources Japan wins due to its Modernization – gains ports in China and Taiwan • Russo-Japanese War • Japan defeats Russian troops in Manchuria and its navy destroyed the entire Russian Fleet • 1st time an Asian Power had defeated a European Power • Gained Korea and parts of Manchuria

  15. Japan Rules Korea • Japan modernizes Korea and most of its products went to Japan • Impose harsh rule and set out to eliminate Korean language and identity • Led to a Korean Nationalist Movement • Koreans stage a March First Movement – non-violent protest – Japan crushes uprising massacring many Koreans

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