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Solvent Selection and Recycling for Carbon Absorption in a Pulverized Coal Power Plant

Solvent Selection and Recycling for Carbon Absorption in a Pulverized Coal Power Plant. Richard Reed Kansas State University. Outline of Presentation. Literature Review Overview of Fossil Fuel Power plants Overview of Carbon Dioxide Absorption Aspen Flowsheet Results from Simulations

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Solvent Selection and Recycling for Carbon Absorption in a Pulverized Coal Power Plant

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  1. Solvent Selection and Recycling for Carbon Absorption in a Pulverized Coal Power Plant Richard Reed Kansas State University

  2. Outline of Presentation • Literature Review • Overview of Fossil Fuel Power plants • Overview of Carbon Dioxide Absorption • Aspen Flowsheet • Results from Simulations • The need for Optimization • Simulated Annealing • Acknowledgements

  3. Research and Development Solutions, LLC (RDS), comp. Bituminous Coal and Natural Gas to Electricity Final Report. Tech. no. DOE/NETL-2007/1281. 1st ed. Vol. 1. Print. Cost and Performance Baseline for Fossil Energy Plants. Overview of Fossil Fuel Power Plants

  4. NGCC produces the cleanest emissions followed by IGCC

  5. NGCC plants are the most efficient followed by IGCC

  6. PC Power plants are selected for the project • PC power plants have poor efficiencies and high emissions comparatively • 50% of the worlds power is produced by PC power plants • Interested in retrofitting current power plants to improve sustainability

  7. Metz, Bert. "Chapter 3 Capture of CO2." IPCC Special Report on Carbon Dioxide Capture and Storage. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 2005. Print. Overview of Carbon dioxide absorption

  8. Post Combustion is ideal for retrofitting current power plants • Pre-Combustion • Difficult to introduce because of components • Post Combustion • Fits into the end of the process • Oxyfuel • Burns fuel in pure oxygen producing high temperatures

  9. Post Combustion removes carbon after the combustion of fossil fuels

  10. Aspen Flowsheet

  11. The conceptual design is much simpler than the Aspen flowchart

  12. The Components of the PC power plant are split into three parts

  13. The flue gas is separated into 2 streams before passing through the absorbers Recycle CO2 Fresh Solvent Inlet Clean Flue Gas CO2 CO2 Rich Flue Gas Absorber Strippers Recycle CO2 Clean Flue Gas Fresh Solvent Inlet CO2 Absorber Strippers

  14. Kenig, Eugeny, and Panos Seferlis. "Modeling Reactive Absorption." CEP January (2009): 65-73. Print. Chemical or Reactive Absorption

  15. Equilibrium based absorption assumes that each stage in the process is in equilibrium • Works well for very fast reactions • Less accurate for real absorption processes • Equilibrium is seldom reached

  16. Rate-Based models include the actual rates of the mass and energy transfer as well as the reactions • Much more accurate • Leads to large, complex models • Higher computational time

  17. The Need for Optimization Results from Simulations

  18. Effect of Number of Trays on Carbon Absorption and Power Requirement Reflux Ratio:1 MEA: 0.3 by mass fraction Flow plate at tray 2 Incorporates design specification of a 95% absorption of CO2

  19. Effect of Reflux Ratio on Carbon Absorption and Power Requirement Incorporates design specification of a 95% absorption of CO2 Number of Trays: 20 MEA: 0.3 by mass fraction Flow plate at tray 2

  20. Effect of Fraction MEA on Carbon Absorption and Power Requirement Number of Trays: 20 Reflux Ratio: 1 Flow plate at tray 2

  21. Effect of Feed Location on carbon absorption and power requirement Number of Trays: 20 Reflux Ratio: 1 MEA: 0.3 by mass fraction Incorporates design specification of a 95% absorption of CO2

  22. Diwekar, Urmila M. "Discrete Optimization." Introduction to Applied Optimization. Norwell, Mass.: Kluwer Academic, 2003. Print. Simulated Annealing

  23. Simulated annealing is a optimization algorithm which can escape from local min/max

  24. Simulated annealing is a optimization algorithm which can escape from local min/max

  25. Work in Progress • Utilizing Simulated Annealing to optimize the absorption section in the PC power plant • Incorporation of a second solvent, DEA • Mix the solvents MEA and DEA with varying concentrations

  26. Acknowledgements Funding provided by The National Science Foundation and Department of Defense, EEC-NSF Grant # 0755115 Research Opportunity provided by the University of Illinois at Chicago (UIC) Guidance provided by Drs. Diwekar, Jursich, Kotecha, Takoudis and Salazar Are there any Questions?

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