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S torage ring EDM experiments Yannis Semertzidis, CAPP/IBS and KAIST

12 September 2015 Flavour workshop, Capri/Italy. S torage ring EDM experiments Yannis Semertzidis, CAPP/IBS and KAIST. Center for Axion and Precision Physics (CAPP) in Korea Axion dark matter search: State of the art axion dark matter experiment in Korea. State of the art axion search.

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S torage ring EDM experiments Yannis Semertzidis, CAPP/IBS and KAIST

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  1. 12 September 2015 Flavour workshop, Capri/Italy Storage ring EDM experimentsYannis Semertzidis,CAPP/IBS and KAIST Center for Axion and Precision Physics (CAPP) in Korea • Axion dark matter search: • State of the art axion dark matter experiment in Korea. State of the art axion search. • Precision physics frontier • Muon g-2, COMET, etc. • Storage ring EDMs, probing NP ~103-104 TeV

  2. Center for Axion and Precision Physics (CAPP) http://capp.ibs.re.kr/html/capp_en/ CAPP / IBS, October 2014

  3. CAPP / IBS, May 2015

  4. Positions/opportunities • Young Scientists (YS) • Received Ph.D. within the last five years • Great promise • Have an idea and a center is endorsing him/her • Funding: 300 M KRW/year for five years (1$~1,200KRW) • The project should be possible to complete in five years with said funding levels

  5. Positions/opportunities (Cont’d) • Senior Scientists (SS) • Received Ph.D. more than five years ago • Accomplished scientist • Have an idea and a center is endorsing him/her • Funding: 500 M KRW/year for three years • The project should be possible to complete in three years with said funding levels

  6. The EDM effort

  7. Electric Dipole Moments: P and T-violating when // to spin T-violation: assuming CPT cons.  CP-violation

  8. Why is there so much matter after theBig Bang: We see: From the SM:

  9. Proton storage ring EDM experiment is combination of beam + a trap B. Morse

  10. Storage ring EDM method Or… how do you turn a weakness into an opportunity?

  11. Stored beam: The radial E-field force is balanced by the centrifugal force. E E E E Yannis Semertzidis, CAPP/IBS, KAIST

  12. Support letter to P5 for the proton EDM

  13. P5: Particle Physics Project Prioritization Panel setup by DOE and NSF. It took more than a year for the HEP community to come up with the report. In 2014 we have received the P5 endorsement for the proton EDM experiment under all funding scenarios!

  14. The Electric Dipole Moment precesses in an Electric field Yannis Semertzidis

  15. The proton EDM uses an ALL-ELECTRIC ring: spin is aligned with the momentum vector Momentum vector Spin vector at the magic momentum E E E E Yannis Semertzidis, CAPP/IBS, KAIST

  16. The proton EDM ring (alternate gradient) Straight sections are instrumented with quads, BPMs, polarimeters, injection points, etc, as needed. Requirements: Weak vertical focusing (B-field sensitivity) Below transition (reduce IBS)

  17. Proton Statistical Error (230MeV): p : 103s Polarization Lifetime (SpinCoherenceTime) A : 0.6 Left/right asymmetry observed by the polarimeter P : 0.8 Beam polarization Nc : 1011p/cycle Total number of stored particles per cycle TTot: 107s Total running time per year f : 1% Useful event rate fraction (efficiency for EDM) ER : 5 MV/m Radial electric field strength σd= 1.4×10-29 e-cm / year

  18. Systematic errors

  19. Clock-wise (CW) & Counter-Clock-wise Storage Total current: zero. Any radial magnetic field in the ring sensed by the stored particles will cause their vertical splitting. Simultaneous proton-proton storage

  20. Distortion of the closed orbit due to Nth-harmonic of radial B-field Clockwise beam Y(ϑ) The N=0 component is a first order effect! Counter-clockwise beam Time [s]

  21. SQUID BPM to sense the vertical beam splitting at 1-10kHz

  22. Total noise of (65) commercially available SQUID gradiometers at KRISS From YongHo Lee’s group KRISS/South Korea

  23. Peter Fierlinger, Garching/Munich Under development by Selcuk Haciomeroglu at CAPP. Need <0.1nT/m

  24. Peter Fierlinger, Garching/Munich Shipped to Korea for integration Yannis Semertzidis, CAPP/IBS, KAIST

  25. Proton EDM animation

  26. What has been accomplished? • Polarimeter systematic errors (with beams at KVI, and stored beams at COSY). • Precision beam/spin dynamics tracking. • Stable lattice, IBS lifetime: ~104s (Lebedev, FNAL) • Spin coherence time 103 s; role of sextupoles understood (using stored beams at COSY). • Feasibility of required electric field strength <5 MV/m, 3cm plate separation (JLab, FNAL) • Analytic estimation of electric fringe fields and precision beam/spin dynamics tracking. Stable! • (Paper already published or in progress.)

  27. Major characteristics of a successful Electric Dipole Moment Experiment • Statistical power: • High intensity beams • Long beam lifetime • Long Spin Coherence Time • An indirect way to cancel B-field effect • A way to cancel geometric phase effects • Control detector systematic errors • Manageable E-field strength, negligible dark current The storage ring Proton EDM method has it all!

  28. Electric Dipole Moments in Magnetic Storage Rings e.g. 1 T corresponds to 300 MV/m for relativistic particles Yannis Semertzidis

  29. Two different labs could host the storage ring EDM experiments • COSY/IKP, Jülich/Germany: deuteron or a combination ring Opportunity opening for another lab! AGS/BNL, USA: proton “magic” (simpler) ring

  30. Various options for EDM@COSY, Juelich

  31. Marciano, CM9/KAIST/Korea, Nov 2014

  32. Let’s indulge on proton sensitivity • Spin coherence time (104 seconds), stochastic cooling-thermal mixing, … • Higher beam intensity, smaller IBS • Reliable E-field 15 MV/m with negligible dark current • >5% efficient polarimeter, run longer • Potential gain >102 in statistical sensitivity: ~10-30-10-31 e-cm!

  33. Sensitivity to Rule on Several New Models Electroweak Baryogenises GUT SUSY Gray: Neutron Red: Electron If found it could explain Baryogenesis (p, d, n, 3He) n current e current n target p, d target e target 1st upgrade Statistics limited Electron EDM new physics reach: 1-3 TeV Much higher physics reach than LHC; complementary e-cm J.M.Pendlebury and E.A. Hinds, NIMA 440 (2000) 471

  34. EDM status • The EDM experiments are gearing up, getting ready: • 199Hg EDM <10-29 e-cm sensitivity, imminent • nEDM at PSI 10-26 e-cm sensitivity, 2015 - 2017 • nEDM at PSI 10-27 e-cm sensitivity, 2018 - … • nEDM at SNS ~2×10-28 e-cm starting data taking 2021

  35. EDM status (cont’d) • ThO, current limit on eEDM: 10-28 e-cm, next ×10 improvement. • TUM nEDM effort, making progress in B-field shielding, met B-field specs. It moves to ILL in 2015, goal: 10-28 e-cm, staged approach, starting in 2016. • 225Ra EDM, ~5×10-22 e-cm now, ~3×10-28 e-cm w/ FRIB • Storage ring EDM: p,dEDM goals ~10-29 e-cm Strength: statistics. Proton w/ upgrade ~10-30 e-cm

  36. The Storage Ring electron EDMWhat can we learn from it?

  37. Storage ring electron EDM All electric ring: electron “magic” momentum: 15MeV/c Originally proposed by Yuri Orlov, circa 2004 Polarimeter was the major issue Bill Morse developed on eEDM concepts, 2013 Beam-beam scattering major issue (Valerie Lebedev) Richard Talman, 2015: use resonant polarimeter combined with Koop’s spin wheel. Potentially a game changer…!

  38. Richard Talman’s electron polarimeter concept eEDM: Potentially systematics limited at below 10-27e.cm! arXiv:1508.04366

  39. Build an electron storage ring Start simple. Run it with CW and CCW stored beams (all-electric) at magic momentum. Simulate storage ring proton EDM. Limited Physics reach on eEDM. Great for systematics studies on the Storage ring proton EDM. Run it in Talman’s configuration (spin-wheel with resonant electron-polarimeter) at magic momentum. EDM sensitivity (if limited by systematics: B-field stability) <10-27e.cm Run it in Morse’s configuration (combined electric and magnetic fields) below magic momentum. EDM sensitivity (if limited by systematics) <10-29e.cm

  40. Summary • Storage ring EDM effort is timely • Start simple: all electric, study all-electric ring concepts with electrons • Apply all-electric-field configuration combining spin wheel and resonant polarimeter • Apply combined ring configuration with spin wheel and resonant polarimeter. • Ultimate sensitivity for e, p, d < 10-29 e-cm

  41. Extra slides

  42. What can we learn from a storage ring electron EDM: all electric Probe the free-electron EDM with high accuracy “Learn by doing”, a working prototype of a large ring. Install sextupoles to prolong SCT. Learn about E-field alignment issues as well as stability issues.

  43. What can we learn from a storage ring electron EDM: all electric Study fringe-field effects on SCT & storage time. Study wake field issues (beam impedance), coupled with RF-cavity misalignment.

  44. What can we learn from a storage ring electron EDM: all electric Store simultaneous CW & CCW beams. Modulate vertical focusing strength. Install SQUID-based BPMs. Study the effects of external B-fields (stability issues, detection sensitivity). Install B-field shielding and exercise feedback system (B-field cancellation system).

  45. What can we learn from a storage ring electron EDM: combined ring Study all issues related with combined E and B-fields, e.g., fringe-field effects, local cancellations, geometrical phases, low energy e-trapping… Test the storage ring deuteron EDM concepts! Probe the electron EDM with high accuracy, better than 10-29e.cm.

  46. Opportunities for new collaborators • Electric field strength issues for large surface plates, dark currents • Beam-based alignment, E-field plate alignment (pot. syst. error source) • Beam impedance issues (pot. syst. error source)

  47. Technically driven pEDM timeline 2014 17 20 15 16 18 19 21 22 23 • Two years systems development (R&D); CDR; ring design, TDR, installation • CDR by end of 2016 • Proposal to a lab: fall 2016 Yannis Semertzidis, CAPP/IBS, KAIST

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