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Genetic Technology

Genetic Technology. What are some uses of DNA Technology?. I. Genetic Engineering. involves building recombinant DNA (DNA made from 2 or more different organisms) Example: using bacterial cells to produce human insulin. Steps in Genetic Engineering.

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Genetic Technology

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  1. Genetic Technology What are some uses of DNA Technology?

  2. I. Genetic Engineering • involves building recombinant DNA (DNA made from 2 or more different organisms) • Example: using bacterial cells to produce human insulin

  3. Steps in Genetic Engineering 1. DNA is cut using restriction enzymes. Both the gene of interest and a vector are cut. (vectors transfer DNA, and can be viruses or plasmids) 2. Recombinant DNA is produced

  4. II. Restriction EnzymesDifferent restriction enzymes cut DNA in different ways.

  5. Some cut straight across and leave “blunt ends”Some make staggered cuts and leave “sticky ends”

  6. Topic One • How it relates to your audience

  7. (mother) (child 1) (child 2) (father) III. DNA Fingerprint • Can be produced from blood, saliva, or body tissue • Used for solving crimes, establishing maternity/paternity, studying ancient DNA, and diagnosing genetic disorders

  8. Months after the tsunami in Indonesia, this lost baby was reunited with his parents.

  9. How is a DNA fingerprint produced? http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/sheppard/analyze.html

  10. A DNA sample is cut with restriction enzymes • Gel electrophoresis is used to separate DNA fragments by size. • Electrical current pulls DNA fragments through a gel • DNA has a negative charge, so the fragments move toward the positive pole

  11. Larger fragments move shorter distances; smaller fragments move greater distances

  12. How is DNA fingerprinting used to solve crimes?

  13. Problem Solving

  14. Establishing Paternity A baby gorilla is born at the zoo. There are 4 adult males in the population that may be its father. DNA fingerprinting is done to establish the correct father, so that for future generations, the gene pool is kept as varied as possible.

  15. Which DNA is the father’s? Below is a DNA fingerprint for a father and his four children.

  16. IV. Genetic Engineering in Medicine and Society A. Medicines • Insulin to treat diabetes • Human growth hormone B. Vaccines • Harmless cowpox virus engineered to fight herpes • Working on a vaccine to protect against malaria

  17. C. Gene Therapy: putting a healthy copy of a gene into cells of a person whose gene is defective. Currently used to treat: • hemophilia • cystic fibrosis • cancer

  18. V. Cloning • Cloning is the creation of an organism that is an exact genetic copy of another http://gslc.genetics.utah.edu/units/cloning/whatiscloning/ http://gslc.genetics.utah.edu/units/cloning/clickandclone/

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