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Using Nanotechnology in Medical Imaging and Diagnosis

Using Nanotechnology in Medical Imaging and Diagnosis. Alisha Shutler • Introduction to Nanotechnology December 1, 2007. Presentation Outline. Introduction Bioimaging Techniques Medical Uses Nanotechnology’s Role References. Introduction.

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Using Nanotechnology in Medical Imaging and Diagnosis

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  1. Using Nanotechnology in Medical Imaging and Diagnosis Alisha Shutler • Introduction to Nanotechnology December 1, 2007

  2. Presentation Outline • Introduction • Bioimaging Techniques • Medical Uses • Nanotechnology’s Role • References

  3. Introduction • Biomedical imaging has revolutioned the healthcare industry • Current popular techniques involve imaging at structural and anatomic level • Need to extend imaging to cellular and molecular levels

  4. Bioimaging Techniques: Reflection, Transmission, and Fluorescence • Reflection [1] • Confocal Microscopy • Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) • Transmission [1] • Confocal Microscopy • Phase Contrast and Dark Field Microscopy • Differential Interference Contrast (DIC) Microscopy • Fluorescence [1] • (Epi)-Fluorescense Microscopy • Scanning Optical Microscopy • Confocal Microscopy • Two-Photon Laser Scanning Microscopy (TPLSM) • Total Internal Reflection Fluorescense Microscopy (TIRF) • Near-Field Scanning Optical Microscopy (NSOM)

  5. Fluorescence Imaging of Collagen [2] Two-Photon Imaging [2] Bioimaging Techniques: Reflection, Transmission, and Fluorescence • Reflection [1] • Confocal Microscopy • Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) • Transmission [1] • Confocal Microscopy • Phase Contrast and Dark Field Microscopy • Differential Interference Contrast (DIC) Microscopy • Fluorescence [1] • (Epi)-Fluorescense Microscopy • Scanning Optical Microscopy • Confocal Microscopy • Two-Photon Laser Scanning Microscopy (TPLSM) • Total Internal Reflection Fluorescense Microscopy (TIRF) • Near-Field Scanning Optical Microscopy (NSOM)

  6. Interference Filter [3] Bioimaging Techniques: Getting Additional Information • Spectral Imaging [1] • Bandpass Filters • Localized Spectroscopy • Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) • Time Resolved Imaging [1] • Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging (FLIM) • Nonlinear Optical Imaging [1] • Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering (CARS)

  7. Bioimaging Techniques: Looking Ahead • Multifunction Imaging • 4Pi Imaging • Combination Microscopes • Miniaturized Microscopes

  8. Medical Uses: In-vivo, In-vitro,Ex-vivo • Cellular Imaging • RNA/DNA • Protein-Protein Interactions • Tissue Imaging • Soft Tissue • Hard Tissue • In-vivo imaging can be used at the level of tissue, organ, or entire live being [1]

  9. Tumor Cells in a Mouse [2] Medical Uses: Detecting the Bad Guys • Viruses and Bacteria • Detection of Tumor Cells • Cancer Detection • Corneal Imaging • Gastrointestinal Pathology • Drug Tracking

  10. Medical Uses: Looking Ahead • Future applications of near-IR imaging • Use of nanoparticle approach of encapsulation and delivery • In-situ activation of a fluorescent probe • Real-time in-vivo imaging • Imaging of microbes << wavelength of light

  11. Quantum Dots Fluorescence Imaging [2] Nanotechnology’s Role • Light-Matter Interactions • Confining light on nanoscale • Confining matter on nanoscale • Quantum Dots • Long lifetimes • Not easy to photobleach • Insensitive to microbial attack

  12. Nanotechnology’s Role • Bioimaging • Biosensing • Photodynamic therapy • Magnetic nanoclinics

  13. References • Prasad, Paras N. Biophotonics. New Jersey: John Wiley and Sons, 2003. • Cheng, Ji-Xin. “Diagnostic Detection with Fluorescence Spectroscopy and Microscopy.” Perdue University. Fall 2005. <Link>. • Nave, C. R. “Interference Filters.” Hyperphysics. 2006. Georgia University. 30 Nov. 2007. <Link>.

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