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The War Expands

The War Expands. Chapter 7 Section 2. Help from Abroad. Key ? – Why did France and Spain enter the war? Ally – a country that helps another country achieve a common goal. France secretly giving aid to the colonists beginning in 1776.

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The War Expands

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  1. The War Expands Chapter 7 Section 2

  2. Help from Abroad • Key ? – Why did France and Spain enter the war? • Ally – a country that helps another country achieve a common goal. • France secretly giving aid to the colonists beginning in 1776. • After the battle of Saratoga, King Louis XVI publicly recognized U.S. independence.

  3. continued • France persuaded Spain to help Americans. • Spain prevented British from attacking the southwest. • France and Spain forced the British to fight a number of enemies on land and sea. • British had to spread their military resources over many fronts.

  4. Foreign Officers Arrive • Marquis de Lafayette – 19 yr. old aristocrat that volunteered to join American army. • Washington trusted him and regarded him as a son. • Fought in many battles, and persuaded King to send 6,000 troops to America. • Baron de Kalb – German officer who served in the French army. Served in Washington’s army with a reputation for bravery.4

  5. Winter at Valley Forge • Key ? - How did Valley Forge transform the American army? • Winter of 1777-78 – Washington and his army camped at Valley Forge. • Soldiers lacked supplies – food, clothing, shoes etc. • ¼ of the men died from malnutrition, exposure, or diseases. (smallpox& typhoid fever) • Congress slow in acting; women drove in supplies on New Year’s Day 1778.

  6. Patriotism Unites the Army • American soldiers showed amazing endurance. A few deserted, most stayed. • German officer, the Baron von Steuben, transformed the army into a skilled fighting force. • Showed them how to fight formal battles against the British. • Within a month executing drills with speed and precision.

  7. Frontier Fighting • Key ? – Why did the war spread to the frontier? • Region between the Appalachians and the Mississippi River. • 1775 – Daniel Boone helped to settle the Wilderness Road; a trail into Kentucky. • George Rogers Clark persuaded VA governor Patrick Henry to allow him to raise an army to capture British outposts on the Western frontier. • Clark wanted to attack the British and Indians in what is now Indiana and Illinois. • Pg. 209-210.

  8. War on the Waves • Key? – How did Americans expand the naval war? • British had 200 warships of the American coast. • American navy small; Congress encouraged “privateers” ( a privately owned ship to attack British). • After capturing a ship, the privateers sold its cargo and shared the money; 1000 privateers. • John Paul Jones sailed across Atlantic to attack British ships. • Became commander of a ship named Bonhomme Richard. “I have not yet begun to fight”; page 210-211.

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