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Low Emission Development Strategies: Vision to Action Reflections on the Costa Rica Experience

Low Emission Development Strategies: Vision to Action Reflections on the Costa Rica Experience. Francisco Sancho. Costa Rica should set a LEDS. C-Neutrality (vision) should become a conductive strategy (action): Roadmap for the different sectors

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Low Emission Development Strategies: Vision to Action Reflections on the Costa Rica Experience

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  1. Low Emission Development Strategies: Vision to ActionReflections on the Costa Rica Experience Francisco Sancho

  2. Costa Rica should set a LEDS • C-Neutrality (vision) should become a conductive strategy (action): Roadmap for the different sectors • Several development and CC initiatives are converging with LEDS, but with a dispersion of public and private efforts • LEDS approach can catalyze, enhance and create synergy in public and private investment, financing and international cooperation

  3. Costa Rica should set a LEDS • The country has not a low emission development pattern in key sectors

  4. Total GEIs Emissions 2005 (Millions of MT of CO2e) Source: Instituto Meteorológico Nacional, MINAET. 2009

  5. Increasing emissions in power sector CO2 Emissions from Fossil Fuels Projected emission increases mostly on fossil fuels Source: NEEDS

  6. Fuel consumption and GDP Projected growth pattern linked to increase in fossil fuels consumption Fuente: Elaboración propia con datos de la DSE y el BCCR

  7. Challenge to electric sector • 95% of generation and 80% of installed power is a renewable park • Since 2033 hydroelectric potential depletion, requiring alternative renewable sources Projected electricity demand and supply by type of source Source: MINAET-DSE

  8. Emissions of Equivalent CO2 in Agriculture and Cattle 66% of N2O emission related to banana, sugar and coffee 40% of total emission related to cattle

  9. Construction Based on Cement and Iron Industry with Low Use of wood • 90% of construction based on cement and iron • Culture around these materials • Forestry needs to increase wood market Fixation in forests Fixation in wood Source: FUNDECOR

  10. LEDS aligns dispersed initiatives

  11. LEDS Designing Process • Strong leadership: government priority with national entities and stakeholders commitment to action: • Local champions and a strong team • Stakeholder engagement (planning, analysis, requirements, ownership and consensus) • Capacity building • Sharing of approaches and experiences • Study to identifying base lines or reference scenario, future evolution and mitigation options and associated cost for low carbon emission scenario (bottom-up approach) • Flexible (learning-by-doing) framework in adapting to a variety of sectoral conditions (coordination, regulatory capacity, resource availability, level of political support, private sector investment)

  12. LEDS Design Process • Effective integration of programs from national institutions, private sector, NGOs and international agencies • Integration of CC initiatives: • National Economic, Environment and Development Study (NEEDS) • Market Readiness (PMR) • Technology Needs Assessments (TNA) • Reducing Emissions from Deforestationand Forest Degradation (REDD+) • Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions (NAMAs) • National Adaptation Plans of Actions (NAPAs) • Bilateral programs

  13. Setting the Strategy • Development of low-emissions strategies with concrete economic and social benefits • Effective plans with policy framework to establish an enabling environment • Capacity building programs • Strategy for technology transference • Conducting a barrier analysis and removal strategy • Providing the necessary cohesive institutional arrangements • Setting concrete results (metrics and MRV scheme) • Assess financing needs and design financial architecture • Continual monitoring • Feedback and refinement

  14. Marginal Abatement Costs Fuente: NEEDS

  15. Emissions under BAU and mitigation measures

  16. Costa Rica requires a LEDS approach to streamline initiatives around CC and development

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