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OPERA/CNGS1 O scillation P roject with E mulsion-t R acking A pparatus

OPERA/CNGS1 O scillation P roject with E mulsion-t R acking A pparatus. Electronic detectors status of installation DAQ and data analysis software Results from detectors commissioning TT RPC HPT Cosmic and CNGS run results Emulsions analysis Scanning facilities

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OPERA/CNGS1 O scillation P roject with E mulsion-t R acking A pparatus

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  1. OPERA/CNGS1 Oscillation Project with Emulsion-tRacking Apparatus • Electronic detectors • status of installation • DAQ and data analysis software • Results from detectors commissioning • TT • RPC • HPT • Cosmic and CNGS run results • Emulsions analysis • Scanning facilities • Track matching and analysis • Test beam activities • Detector filling strategy and CNGS runs • OPERA sensitivity updated • Conclusions LNGSC

  2. SM1 SM2 Electronic detectors installation Target tracker Veto • All installed and running except: • VETO commissioning in progress • HPT/SM2 : completed june 2007 Spectrometer: XPC, HPT, RPC, magnet BMS LNGSC

  3. Node card i SM2 SM1 9 Master cards O/E converter MLVDS Optical fiber « Slave » clock in Hall C(receives theGPS signal from the Outside antenna though a 8km optical fiber) PCI card DAQ readout architecture • Each individual node runs a local 100MHz clock generated via a common 20MHz clock send from a precise and stable oscillator. The oscillator is plugged onto a dedicated PCI board which locks the clock signal on the GPS and encode specific commands (propagation delay meas., reset, reboot etc). LNGSC

  4. CNGS DB (Oracle) Event DB (Oracle) ASCII-2-Root Root • Alignment • Data analysis • Brick finding Gateway DB Eventbuilder • Time coincidence between subdetectors (merge sort) • Event classification wrt the beam UTC • Event header production CNGS Early Warning BMM • Connects theDAQs • Send flaggedcycles • Writes GPSdates Beam syncronizer Raw data DB • postGres (DAQ) • Oracle DAQ manager • Decodes CNGSearly warning • Flag the DAQ cyclewrt the beam ASCII ASCII ASCII HPTdaq TTdaq RPCdaq • Trigger cross-check? • Tests procedure • 105 sensors • Majority trigger • Same DAQ forRPC-XPC-VETO • 54 sensors • X-Y coincidence • L-R coincidence • N planes coinc? • 992 sensors … TTsensors … RPCsensors … HPTsensors DAQ computing architecture LNGSC

  5. DAQ: timing performances Event building by sorting in time individual hit from sub-detectors 10 nsec binning TT RPC HPT The time stamp (10 nsec bin) is correlated with the GPS (100 nsec resolution) in order to select CNGS beam event LNGSC

  6. Time stamp resolution Without fiber transmission correction With position correction Sigma : 9 nsec Time difference Strip number down going muon : side view LNGSC

  7. Computing framework • The offline computing framework is a set of software C++ packages: • * running on CERN Linux platforms (and partly on Windows) • * managed by CMT and stored on a CERN CVS server • * with built-in Doxygen documentation • ROOT is used extensively: • * for data persistency • with TTrees in files • * for detector description • with TGeoManager • * for data simulation • with Virtual Monte Carlo • GEANT3-VMC • * for data analysis: • reconstruction in emulsions, ROOT macros, GUI for display • The software team sticks continuously to the upgrades: • * of platforms and compilers (Scientific Linux CERN SLC4, 64 bits) • * of softwares (ROOT 5) LNGSC

  8. Analysis chain • Data model and detector model are stable and robust with: • * standardization of real data / simulated data access • * description of the hall, Borexino, • OPERA support structure, magnetic field, etc… • * insertion of alignment effects • Simulation chain • (generation-simulation-digitization) • is under control with a production plan: • beam events, rock events, cosmics • Reconstruction and analysis algorithms are well advanced with: • * electronic detector reconstruction almost « final » • * several emulsion data reconstruction algorithms • * connection of electronic detectors data and emulsion data under study • * offline « heavy » event display and online « light » event display OED • * possibilities to perform analyses in the ROOT context (macros) • and outside ROOT using the Standard Templated Library STL LNGSC

  9. 3. Results from electronic detectors commissioning LNGSC

  10. Target Tracker efficiency using cosmic ray tracks 1 p.e. 2 p.e. 3 p.e. • Trigger rate: • 1 p.e.  20 cps per pixel • 2 p.e.  10 cps per pixel LNGSC

  11. R=ON/OFF 1.15 1.00 corridor side rock side 0.85 ch # gain ratio Npe ratio 10<B<40<Gauss inside the TT Mgnetic field influence on TT response LNGSC

  12. SM1 SM2 1 HV row missing Electronics RPC efficiencies using cosmic ray tracks All problems have been cured LNGSC

  13. RPC spatial resolution using cosmic ray tracks Tracking resolution ~ 1.3 cm, Misalignments < 1 cm LNGSC

  14. Status of reconstruction for HPT • reconstruction running stable for data and MC events • Timing corrections implemented • Alignment ongoing, starting from TDA measurements • Resolution of ~500mm in single planes for cosmic data (see plots below) • Alignment will bring improvements (300mm prototype measurements) • 80% track efficiency for cosmic data LNGSC

  15. Example of a reconstructed cosmic ray event LNGSC

  16. 4. Cosmic and CNGS runs results LNGSC

  17. Select events around beam (0 <  < 0.15 rad) direction and check if there are on time Beam Direction: August run OPERA Zenith angle of muon track y qy >0 z qy <0 August Run result: <>=3.4±0.3 LNGSC

  18. Data reduction Azimuth angle (rad) μCC in the magnets • Event selection: • on time beam events • μ id (> 10 Fe slabs) • fiducial volume August + October Data = 36 ± 6 evt. MC = 29.9 evt. • August only with 2 cut • Data = 29 ± 5 evt. • MC = 23.7 evt. • CC in magnets selection efficiency 52% • very pure sample, NC contamination 4% (1,1 event) LNGSC

  19. High energy muon charge ratio Can be measured in using the OPERA spectrometers : Overburden : ~3000 m.w.e.  Eμ underground : 300 GeV Eμ surface cut-off : 1400 GeV LNGSC

  20. 5. Emulsion analysis LNGSC

  21. ~ 30 bricks will be daily extracted from target and analyzed using high-speed automatic systems European Scanning System S-UTS (Japan) scanning speed ~ 20 cm2/h High speed CCD Camera (3 kHz) Piezo-controlled objective lens Hard-coded algorithms Synchronization of objective lens and stage Customized commercial optics and mechanics + asynchronous DAQ software Constant speed stage Automated Microscopes for Nuclear Emulsions LNGSC

  22. angular residuals between base-tracks and fitted volume tracks (vertical tracks) position residuals between base-tracks and fitted volume tracks tracks in the CS doublet scan-back efficiency 93.1% scan-back tracks followed backward film by film vertex reconstruction volume scan Automated Track Reconstruction and Vertex Search LNGSC

  23. European Scanning System • R&D on 20 cm2/h European Scanning System completed successfully (end 2004) • 30 ESS distributed among 11 labs ( 22 ESS in 8 Italian labs ): • Bari, Bern, Bologna, Lngs, Lyon, Napoli, Salerno + Neuchatel, Roma, LNF, Padova • Integrated in a online computers network : • including DB, manager , on line computation , plate changer ….. LNGSC

  24. Scanning capabilities in Europe • CSD scanning : • 6 ESS at LNGS -> ~ 8CSdoublet/day ( ~5 microscopes missing ) • Brick Vertex location and confirmation : • Italy : 12 10 bricks/day • EU : 6 ESS  5 bricks/day • plate changer in progress ( with dry and oil objectives ) • Dedicated to Special events ( min. bias, decays, electrons, …): • Italy : 4 ESS ~ 200 events/yr • EU : 2 ESS ~ 100 events/yr LNGSC

  25. The 1st S-UTS (20cm2/h) Scanning in Japan CSD scanning • SUTS status: • first unit ready : 20 cm²/h • R&D in progress in order to reach 60 cm²/h • X50 lens • Optimized FPGA code • 5 units in preparation  300 cm²/h Brick scanning • Vertex finding performances: • Single track scan back : • Vertex finding: • νμCC : 15’ for vertex finding • nx10’ for vertex studies • νμNC : 2-3 x CC vertex finding time LNGSC

  26. Full analysis rehearsal with the OPERA detector • October CNGS run: • CNGS induced rock muon selected by electronic detectors • brick tagging using the reconstruction software • CSD and brick analysed using the standard scanning system • Prediction accuracy : • Δx = 5.5 mm (along the tray) • Δy = 0.4 mm (vertical direction) • Δθx = 16.6 mrad • Δθy = 24.8 mrad • Muon momentum: • MCS (coordinate method) : 6.4 ± 1. GeV/c • Spectrometer (RPC) : 7.05 ± 0.4 GeV/c LNGSC

  27. RMS 1.4mrad PL # RMS 1.9mrad PL # ( τkink search : θ > 20 mrad ) Brick flatness LNGSC

  28. RMS 1.1μm RMS 0.8μm Brick emulsion alignment with cosmics CNGS rock muon analysis LNGSC

  29. 6. Test beam activities • CERN exposures: • measurement of the π topological cross-section → direct measurement of the hadronic background (thousand of interactions reconstructed); • measurement of the large-angle  scattering off lead nuclei → direct measurement of the main source of the background in the muonic channel; • study of the momentum measurement by using the Multiple Coulomb Scattering; • study of the π→e mis-identification • DESY exposures: availability of a pure electron beam → electron identification studies and energy measurement • PSI exposures: study of the π/ separation through the dE/dx method (about 60% of the stoping muons are identified, while about 3% of the pions are misidentified as muons) • LNGS tests: by using cosmic-rays we studied the electronic detector predictions vs CS scanning. We managed to go from the cm precision scale of the electronic detector to the m precision scale of the nuclear emulsions • PEANUT test experiment: about 50 ECC have been exposed to the NuMI neutrino beam and several hundred of neutrino interactions collected. Very useful for vertex location and vertex reconstruction studies LNGSC

  30. Electron/Pion separation LNGSC

  31. Neural network analysis • Input variables : • basetrack and film number • Longitudinal and transversal profile LNGSC

  32. PEANUT E(GeV) OPERA rehearsal in the NUMI beam : PEANUT SFT LNGSC

  33. Electron shower detected in 1 brick PEANUT status and objectives • Status: • About 100 bricks exposed and a few thousands interactions expected • 20 bricks currently under analysis (1000 located  interactions expected) • The SFT predictions are stored in the DB (same OPERA schema) • Emulsion to SFT alignment successfully done with expected performances • Pilot vertex analysis for 2 bricks in general scanning mode is now completed. • Full MonteCarlo simulation developed including SFT hit simulation • Main goals: • Multiplicity studies for both biased (SFT-matching events) and unbiased samples • De-convolution of the 3 cross-section components (QE, RES and DIS) LNGSC

  34. SFT – emulsion matching and vertex analysis 30 neutrino interactions with an SFT matching located in 1 brick s=400 µm s=6 mrad After efficiency correction (estimated through a full MC simulation): N/ = 56 ± 10, to be compared with (54±7) from flux and cross-section • 1 high multiplicity event observed: • 4 tracks from 2 e-pairs • 8 primary tracks LNGSC

  35. 7. Detector filling strategy and CNGS runs LNGSC

  36. Detector filling • Assumptions : • Number of bricks on the end of April: 10000 • Ramp up from average actual speed 4 drums/week to 10 drums/week on April 30th • Reaching 15 drums/week on september 1st More details in the Techical coordinators report  Full target filled (150000 bricks) at the beginning of May 2008 (including 15%contingencies and 3 weeks for holidays) SPS tentative schedule : 2008 Physics starts end of april LNGSC

  37. x 1019 3/9/07 11/11/07 19/3/07 days days Integrated p.o.t Total number of interactions CNGS run in 2007 ~20 Charmed hadron decay LNGSC

  38. 8. OPERA sensitivity updated LNGSC

  39. Opera with beam upgrade and 30% bck reduction 90 % CL Sensitivity F&C Opera, with beam upgrade (1.5) Opera with 30% bck reduction Opera nominal SK 90% CL (L/E analysis) OPERA sensitivity : nominal conditions LNGSC

  40. 90 % CL Sensitivity F&C Opera with 30% target mass reduction Opera with 50%reduction Opera nominal SK 90% CL (L/E analysis) OPERA sensitivity : nominal conditions LNGSC

  41. 9. Conclusions • The electronic detectors of the OPERA experiment are ready for data taking during the fore coming CNGS runs • The brick production is launched and the detector should be filled before the physics run in 2008 • The data analysis chain has been validated for the : • electronic detectors during the CNGS beam periods and also with cosmic rays in 2006 • emulsion detectors during many test runs, especially with real neutrino event from an exposure in the NUMI beam • OPERA Physics program is valid, and it is a great opportunity for young physicists to learn about Neutrino Physics with real data • Caveat: • the schedule is tight and the resources limited ( more in the resource manager report ) any problem will now induced delays difficult to recover • OPERA sensitivity is limited by the statistics  missing emulsions will seriously reduce its sensitivity This is a great concern, especially since OPERA is the only experiment which could perform the physics studies which have motivated the CNGS project LNGSC

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