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Chapter 1

Chapter 1. Tour of Access. Chapter Objectives. Start and exit Microsoft Access Open and run an Access application Identify the major elements of the Access programming environment Explore the menus and the Object Bar associated with the Database window. Chapter Objectives.

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Chapter 1

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  1. Chapter 1 Tour of Access

  2. Chapter Objectives • Start and exit Microsoft Access • Open and run an Access application • Identify the major elements of the Access programming environment • Explore the menus and the Object Bar associated with the Database window

  3. Chapter Objectives • Explore the Design view and other views of forms, pages, reports, tables, queries, macros, and modules • Define key Access concepts such as events, procedures, methods, modules, and properties • Invoke Access Help • Learn the different ways in which Access databases can be incorporated into applications

  4. Introduction to the MU-DSci Application • Database management system (DBMS) • Vital component of an organization’s software collection • From the perspective of an end user, it simplifies the storage, retrieval, and updating of data • Supports the day-to-day operations of a business and provides important information needed for decision making

  5. Preparing MU-DSci for Use in Access • Table • Fundamental structure of a relational database management system (RDBMS) • Stores data in records and fields • Records (rows) • Contains all information related to one entry • Fields (columns) • Contains a specific item of information

  6. Preparing MU-DSci for Usein Access • Refreshing linked tables • Required whenever you move an Access application to a different directory Figure 1-1 The Linked Table Manager

  7. Preparing MU-DSci for Use in Access Figure 1-2 MU-DSci database window

  8. Exploring the MU-DSci Application as an End User • In general, windows that display information on the monitor are calledforms • An opening form often containscommand buttonsthat, when clicked, display other forms • Switchboards • Forms that open other forms

  9. Exploring the MU-DSci Application as an End User Figure 1-3 MU-DSci switchboard

  10. Exploring the Database Window • Database window • Organizes the objects used in the application into seven sections that, generally, correspond to the input, output, storage, and processing framework • Central area that gathers the objects making up an Access application

  11. Exploring the Database Window Figure 1-7 Input, process, output, and storage objects

  12. Exploring the Database Window Table 1-1 Commands in the database menu

  13. Exploring the Database Window • Startup window • Used to specify a default application menu, the status of the Database window, the icon associated with the application, and the wording of application’s title bar Figure 1-8 Startup window

  14. Exploring Tables • Tables can be displayed in two views: • Datasheet view • Represents a standard way to view the rows in a table • Fields in the table represent attributes that describe the item being represented

  15. Exploring Tables Figure 1-9 Datasheet view of the tblProspects table

  16. Exploring Tables • Design view • Allows you to modify the table’s structure Figure 1-10 Design view of the tblProspects table

  17. The Jet Database Engine • Jet database engine • Component of Access that is responsible for storing and retrieving data • Open Data Basic Connectivity (ODBC) • Standard communications protocol that allows an application to retrieve and store information in different DBMSs • Most DBMSs supply their on ODBC-compliant drivers

  18. Exploring Queries Figure 1-11 Relationships among Access, the ODBC drivers, and the Jet database engine

  19. Exploring Queries • Queries • Statements that retrieve or update data in the database tables • Select queries • Queries that retrieve data that can select particular rows and fields from a table, combine data from multiple tables, and perform calculations that summarize a table’s data • Action queries • Insert, delete, or update data in the database

  20. Exploring Queries • Datasheet view of a query • Displays the information that satisfies the query’s specification • Design view of a query • Specifies the columns and rows that should be retrieved

  21. Exploring Queries Figure 1-12 Design view of the qryAdmittedProspects select query

  22. Exploring Queries • Structured Query Language (SQL) • Standard query language supported by relational databases • SQL view of a query • Displays the SQL statement that implements the query

  23. Exploring Forms • Forms are divided into three sections: • Form Header • Contains controls that remain on the top of the form • Detail section • Contains the data shown on the form • Form Footer • Displays information that stays at the bottom of a form

  24. Exploring Forms • Controls • A form’s contents including buttons, list boxes, text boxes, labels • Access allows you to draw them directly on the form • Chosen from the toolbar to add instances of them to the form

  25. Exploring Forms Figure 1-13 Design view of frmProspects and the txtFirstName property sheet

  26. Exploring Forms • Text box • Displays the current value of some piece of information • Property sheets • Allow you to modify many of the characteristics of a control • Form selector • Box where the rulers meet in the Design view

  27. Exploring Forms Figure 1-14 Form property sheet for frmProspects

  28. Adding Controls to Forms • You can create a command button to add to the copy of the switchboard on your own, or you can have Microsoft Access create it for you by using a wizard • Wizard • Speeds up the process of creating a command button because it handles all of the basic work automatically

  29. Exploring Data Access Pages • Data access pages • New in Access 2000 • Allows you to manipulate data via the Internet or an intranet • An intranet isa network of networks that can be accessed only by certain people

  30. Exploring Data Access Pages • On pages, a Body object is divided into two sections: • Page Header section • Page Navigation section • HeadingText object • Static text object where a label can be created for the page • BeforeBodyText object • Smaller static text object that can hold additional information

  31. Exploring Data Access Pages Figure 1-15 pagProspects data access page

  32. Adding Text Box Controls to Pages • Access provides a Field list for pages in the same manner that it does for forms • Field list for pages has two tabs: • Database tab • Displays a tree structure of the tables in the database • Page tab • Displays a tree structure of the pages in the database

  33. Design View of a Report • Report Header and Report Footer • Display information at beginning and end of the report • Page Header and Page Footer • Appear at beginning and end of each page, respectively • Detail section • Contains the data supplied by report’s Record Source • Record Source • Indicates the query or table that provides the needed data

  34. Exploring Reports • Sorting and Grouping • Allows you to specify groups into which to classify data • Enables you to add, delete, and change the fields or expressions on which groups are based, the sort order, and the group properties such as headers and footers

  35. Exploring Reports • Report selector • Allows you to select all objects on the report at one time • Reports can be displayed as: • Print Preview • Displays all data in the report’s Record Source • Layout Preview • Displays only a sample of the data

  36. Exploring Macros • Macro • Named set of actions that manipulates the objects and properties of the Access application • OpenForm action • Displays a form • SetValue action • Changes the value of some property

  37. Macro Window • Action column • Identifies the action to be performed • Comment column • Used for documentation • Conditions column • Contains an expression that can be evaluated as True or False • Macro Names column • Used to write several macros in same Macro window

  38. Exploring Macros Figure 1-18 mcrProspect Macro window

  39. Exploring Macros • Most actions require values to be placed in theAction Argumentssection of the Macro window • Object Type argument • Indicates that the move occurs on a form • Object Name argument • Identifies the specific form involved

  40. Using Macros to Open a Different Form at Startup • Modules are different from macros in that they are written in the Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) programming language • More capable language, so modules can accomplish more complex tasks within Access

  41. Exploring Modules • Module • Collection of VBA declarations and procedures stored together as a unit • Procedures • Use and manipulate the objects of an Access application • Declarations • Name a variable, constant, or procedure • Specify a data type for use in an Access application

  42. Exploring Modules • Standard modules • Contain subroutines and functions and can be run at any time, as long as the application is open • Class modules • Independent class modules • Invoked at any time while the application is open • Form and report class modules • Opened or invoked only when the form or report is open

  43. Exploring Modules Figure 1-20 Module window

  44. Exploring Modules • Procedure list box • Displays all of the procedures within a module that are associated with a certain object • Object list box • Names the object • Objects have properties that can be manipulated through macros and modules, which are themselves triggered by events that occur in the application • For this reason, the Access environment is calledobject-basedandevent-driven

  45. Application Development Help • Expression Builder • Supports the development of various types of Access expressions that can be placed in the control source on forms, in macros, and in procedures Figure 1-21 Expression Builder

  46. Application Development Help • Access Help menu • Similar to the Help menu associated with any other Windows application • Provides steps to accomplish a particular goal, advice, object and property descriptions, legal syntax, and examples

  47. Application Development Help Figure 1-22 Microsoft Access Help window

  48. Starting a New Database • Active Server Page (ASP) approach • Active Server Pages are files that contain a combination of HTML and VBscript code • Derivative of Visual Basic that supports Web-based application development • Microsoft Access project • New Access file type that has been specially designed to facilitate access to Microsoft SQL Server databases

  49. Starting a New Database • Access projects take advantage of a new Microsoft database engine called the Microsoft Database Engine (MSDE) • Provides local data storage that is compatible with SQL Server 7.0 • Intended to be a client/server data engine alternative to the Jet database engine used in Access • Designed and optimized for use on smaller computer systems

  50. Chapter Summary • DBMS applications • Store and retrieve the vital day-to-day transactions that occur in a business • Retrieve and update information that supports critical decisions • Microsoft Access • Software tool that supports the development of DBMS applications • Consists of many different objects

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