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Day 106: The Great West and the Agricultural Revolution

Day 106: The Great West and the Agricultural Revolution. Baltimore Polytechnic Institute February 15, 2012 A.P. U.S. History Mr. Green. The Great West and the Agricultural Revolution. Objectives: Students will:

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Day 106: The Great West and the Agricultural Revolution

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  1. Day 106: The Great West and the Agricultural Revolution Baltimore Polytechnic Institute February 15, 2012 A.P. U.S. History Mr. Green

  2. The Great West and the Agricultural Revolution Objectives: Students will: Describe the nature of the cultural conflicts and battles that accompanied the white American migration into the Great Plains and the Far West. Explain the development of federal policy towards Native Americans in the late nineteenth century. Analyze the brief flowering and decline of the cattle and mining frontiers, and the settling of the arid West by small farmers increasingly engaged with a worldwide economy. AP Focus Federal land grants entice whites to seek out new lives in the West, which brings them into conflict with the Indians, many of whom had earlier been pushed west by the U.S. government. By the end of the century, the frontier is closed—all of the land in the continental United States is settled or can no longer be considered frontier, according to the Census Bureau.

  3. Chapter Focus Chapter Themes After the Civil War, whites overcame the Plains Indians’ fierce resistance and settled the Great West, bringing to a close the long frontier phase of American history. The farmers who populated the West found themselves the victims of an economic revolution in agriculture. Trapped in a permanent debtor dependency, in the 1880s, they finally turned to political action to protest their condition. Their efforts culminated in the Populist Party’s attempt to create an interracial farmer/labor coalition in the 1890s, but William Jennings Bryan’s defeat in the pivotal election of 1896 signaled the triumph of urbanism and the middle class.

  4. Announcements Focus Questions Chapter 26-Due today. Decades Charts in class

  5. The Farmers Take Their Stand National Grange of the Patrons of Husbandry Oliver H. Kelley Enhance lives of farmers socially, educationally through fraternal organizations Developed cooperatives for stores, elevators, and warehouses Many went into politics Wabash decision started the decline of the Grange as a political movement Found a home in the Greenback Labor party

  6. Prelude to Populism Farmers’ Alliance-Texas break the grip of the railroads/manufacturers utilized cooperative buying and selling never addressed landless tenant farmers, sharecroppers, farmhands, African-Americans(Colored Farmers’ National Alliance) People’s party-Populist party nationalize railroads, telephone, telegraph graduated income tax loans for crops stored in government-owned warehouses silver coinage William Hope Harvey Coin’s Financial School (1894) Mary Elizabeth Lease

  7. Coxey’s Army and the Pullman Strike Jacob S. Coxey-wealthy Ohio quarry owner relieve unemployment with a publics works program with legal tender issued by the Treasury Pullman Strike-1894 Eugene V. Debs-American Railway Union Federal troops sent in “if it takes the entire army and navy to deliver a postal card in Chicago, that card will be delivered” Grover Cleveland

  8. Golden McKinley and Silver Bryan Republicans nominate William McKinley of Ohio supported hard money policies-gold standard supported the protective tariff Democrats nominate William Jennings Bryan demanded inflation with silver coinage many left the party over the currency issue Republicans amassed a large campaign fund-$16 million to $1 million for the Democrats Republican business people placed orders only if McKinley won 271 to 176 in Electoral College 7,102,246 to 6,492,559 popular vote Bryan carried more acreage than McKinley Last attempt to win the Whitehouse with agrarian votes Long reign of Republican presidents, lower voter turnout, weakening of party organizations and fading issues

  9. Republican Stand-pattism Enthroned McKinley Free rein for business Dingley Tariff Bill-1897 850 amendments 46.5% rates 1897 experienced a rise in farm prices and the economy improved Gold Standard Act of 1900 paper currency be redeemed freely in gold natural inflation with new gold discoveriesas Populism faded away

  10. Discussion-Review 1. Why has the Plains Indians’ resistance to white encroachment played such a large part in the popular American view of the West? How is that mythical past related to the Indians’ actual history? 2. What was romantic about the final phases of frontier settlement, and what was not? 3. Why was the “passing of the frontier” in 1890 a disturbing development for many Americans? Was the frontier more important as a particular place or as an idea?

  11. Homework Study for test on Thursday and Friday.

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