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1. REVIEW GAME 12 and 13
2. How is the Industrial Revolution best defined?
3. a period of rapid growth during which machines became essential to industry
4. Which industry was the first one impacted by the Industrial Revolution?
5. b the making of clothing items
6. How did the invention of the water frame revolutionize the production of cloth?
7. c. It shifted the location of production from homes to textile mills.
8. Who was Richard Arkwright?
9. a. Inventor of the water frame, he lowered the cost of cotton thread and increased the speed of production.
10. Who was the skilled British mechanic that was responsible for bringing new textile plans and ideas to the United States?
11. a. Samuel Slater
12. Why were more American textile mills built in the North than in the South?
13. b. The North had more rivers to provide power.
14. What was Eli Whitney’s greatest contribution to American manufacturing?
15. c. He came up with the idea of interchangeable parts.
16. How did America’s involvement in the War of 1812 help American manufacturing grow?
17. a. The British blockade of the American coast kept foreign manufactured goods out
18. How did textile manufacturers successfully keep the costs of running a mill low?
19. b. They hired children to perform simple tasks and paid them very little.
20. The “Rhode Island System” was Samuel Slater’s strategy of
21. a. hiring families of workers and dividing factory work into simple tasks.
22. Where did the Industrial Revolution begin during the mid-1700s?
23. b. Europe
24. For how long would a typical “Lowell girl” stay at the mills?
25. b. four years
26. What is the efficient production of large numbers of identical goods in manufacturing known as?
27. c. Mass production
28. What was a trade union?
29. a. an organization of workers with a specific skill who worked to try and improve pay and working conditions for members
30. Why were most early strikes by union members unsuccessful?
31. c. The courts and the police did not take their side.
32. Who was Sarah G. Bagley?
33. b. She fought to bring the 10-hour working day of public employees to private business employees.
34. Around what year did Robert Fulton test his first steamboat design?
35. c. 1800
36. Why was the steamboat well suited to river travel?
37. a. It traveled well upstream.
38. In the Lowell System, created by Francis Cabot Lowell, who stayed in boardinghouses and did all the work in the factory?
39. b. Young, unmarried women
40. What did the Supreme Court decide in the case of Gibbons v. Ogden?
41. b. Thomas Gibbons’ federal license had priority over Aaron Ogden’s state license.
42. What was the Tom Thumb and why was it significant?
44. What first drove the pace of railroad construction in the United States?
45. b. growing demand for faster travel and a quicker way to get goods to market
46. Railroad companies changed the environment in all of the following ways, except which?
47. c. They began using wood rather than coal for fuel.
48. Which industry’s expansion was NOT a direct result of the Transportation Revolution?
49. d. textiles
50. How did the Transportation Revolution affect America’s farmers?
51. a. It caused them to plow up prairie and cut down trees to make farmland out of the Midwest.
52. Why was coal a more appealing fuel source than wood?
53. b. It produced more energy.
54. The telegraph was significant because it
55. a. enabled people to send news quickly from coast to coast.
56. How did technological developments during the Industrial Revolution enable people to build factories almost anywhere?
57. b. The shift to steam power meant factories no longer had to be built near streams, rivers, or waterfalls.
58. What was the system of Morse Code?
59. b. It was different combinations of dots and dashes the each represented a letter of the alphabet
60. To promote their products, inventors of labor-saving devices did all of the following except
61. a. hold free giveaways.
62. Which of the following inventors invented the mechanical reaper which made it easier to harvest wheat?
63. d. Cyrus McCormick
64. Why did the value of slaves drop in the South before the invention of the cotton gin?
65. a. Prices for crops were low, so some farmers decreased production and demand for slaves declined.
66. How did Eli Whitney’s original cotton gin work?
67. c. A worker cranked the machine and “teeth” separated green seeds from cotton fibers.
68. What was the greatest benefit of the invention of the cotton gin?
69. d. It revolutionized the cotton industry and gave a boost to southern farming.
70. What was the “cotton belt”?
71. a. An area stretching from South Carolina to Texas that grew most of the country’s cotton crop.
72. What was most responsible for increasing the domestic slave trade in the early 1800s?
73. b. An act of Congress banned the importation of slaves into the country.
74. What does “crop rotation” involve?
75. c. Changing the type of plant grown on a given plot each year in order to protect the land from mineral loss.
76. What did cotton planters call the people who made deals for them with merchants, arranged passage for their crops aboard trading ships, and provided them with financial advice?
77. c. factors
78. What was the South’s first major cash crop?
79. c. tobacco
80. The growing and reliance on cash crops hurt the South’s economy because it
81. a. took capitalists’ attention away from developing southern industry.
82. Steam power benefited the South in all of the following ways, except which?
84. In the first half of the 1800s, what portion of white southern families had slaves?
85. a. one third
86. What kind of man was a “yeoman”?
87. a. a white owner of a small farm
88. How did the poorest white southerners survive?
89. b. by hunting, fishing, and doing odd jobs for money
90. Religion affected white Southern society in all of the following ways, except which?
91. c. Politicians met with religious groups to campaign for southern issues.
92. Wealthy white southerners used religion to justify the institution of slavery by arguing that a. God created some people to rule over others. b. God selected whites as his “chosen people.” c. slavery was right because it was practiced in the Bible. d. slavery taught savages to bow to a higher authority.
93. a. God created some people to rule over others.
94. Which of the following were the most powerful members of southern society? a. Textile factory owners b. Preachers who were leading revivals c. Supreme Court justices d. Planters
95. d. Planters
96. Above all, slave owners treated their slaves as they would treat a. children. b. savages. c. laborers. d. property.
97. d. property
98. What were slave owners most likely to do to encourage obedience? a. appoint a “driver” to monitor the slaves b. provide slaves with more food and better living conditions c. whip, shackle, chain, or place a slave in the stocks d. pay slaves money for work so they could buy their freedom
99. c. whip, shackle, chain, or place a slave in the stocks
100. Which of these statements provides the best account of why there was a high rate of illiteracy among slaves? a. Some states had literacy laws that prohibited teaching slaves. b. Some states paid teachers and slave owners not to teach slaves. c. Slave owners thought literate slaves would find manual work distracting. d. Slaves did not need to read or write because they communicated orally.
101. a. Some states had literacy laws that prohibited teaching slaves.
102. What would a slave have worried about most when coming up for auction? a. the kindness or cruelty of the new master b. the type of work required by the new master c. the fate of parents, brothers, sisters, and children d. the religious life of the new community
103. c. the fate of parents, brothers, sisters, and children
104. Other than death, what was the greatest threat to family bonds among slaves? a. auctions c. work b. kidnapping d. runaways
105. a. auctions
106. By the early 1800s, many slaves belonged to which religious sect? a. Christianity b. Buddhism c. Islam d. Unitarianism
107. a. Christianity
108. How did enslaved parents pass their culture down to their children? a. They read African stories to their children every night. b. They told folktales with customary characters and morals. c. They taught emotional Christian songs about freedom. d. They showed their children how to outsmart slaveholders.
109. b. They told folktales with customary characters and morals
110. In what small way would slaves often rebel against their masters? a. They slowed down their work in the fields to protest long hours. b. They hid the masters’ whips and chains to prevent harsh punishments. c. They prayed for God to teach masters the virtue of equal treatment. d. They stole books from their masters and taught themselves to read.
111. a. They slowed down their work in the fields to protest long hours.
112. What event prompted many states to strengthen their slave codes? a. Vesey’s Conspiracy b. Haiti’s Revolution c. Turner’s Rebellion d. Gabriel’s Uprising
113. c. Turner’s Rebellion
114. Why did Nat Turner lead a group of slaves to kill slaveholders? a. Turner watched his father die as a result of a savage beating by his master. b. Turner believed he was on a mission from God to free the slaves. c. Turner’s mother was a runaway slave who abandoned him in childhood. d. Turner had tried non-violent methods of resistance but they had failed.
115. b. Turner believed he was on a mission from God to free the slaves.
116. As the North and the South developed, both areas focused on different means to develop their economies. This economic development led to increased sectionalism, or looking out for one’s own region rather than the good of the whole country. A. Identify one important industry for the Northern or Southern economies. B. Explain how the industry mentioned above contributed to sectionalism.
